LOWELL, Mass. - In the age of "big data" in the health-care industry, massive amounts of digital information are produced, stored, shared, analyzed, processed and transferred around the world from clinics, hospitals, universities, government agencies, pharmaceutical laboratories and insurance companies every second.
To help protect this wealth of medical information from cyberattacks, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded a three-year grant totaling nearly $1 million to a team of researchers led by Prof. Yan Luo of UMass Lowell's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering to develop a secure cyberinfrastructure for translational research.
Translational research, also known as translational medicine or translational science, refers to the effort of translating or harnessing knowledge from basic biomedical research in the lab into potentially new drugs, therapies, medical devices, diagnostic screening or treatment for patients and bringing these innovations to market.
"Translational research has been driven by the increasing amount of diverse datasets collected from medical instruments, sensors, patient records and genetic samples," said Luo, who is the director of the university's Advanced Computing and Networking Systems Laboratory and is leading the NSF project.
"Our research will explore and experiment with new ways of sharing data across different organizations that are compliant with HIPAA," he explained. HIPAA, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, mandates data privacy and security provisions for safeguarding medical information.
"This will enable new, efficient collaboration among patients, medical researchers and practitioners, potentially benefiting global digital health care and personalized medicine," Luo said.
Luo's fellow researchers on the project are Associate Prof. Yu Cao of UMass Lowell's Computer Science Department, along with colleagues Assistant Prof. Peilong Li of Elizabethtown College and Prof. Silvia Corvera and Jomol Mathew, Ph.D., of UMass Medical School.
The NSF envisions "cyberinfrastructure" as a collaborative research environment in which computing systems, data storage systems, visualization tools, advanced instruments and scientists are all linked by high-speed networks to provide powerful capabilities for driving innovation and discoveries not otherwise possible within a single institution.
According to Luo, clinical researchers rely heavily on cyberinfrastructure to understand trends, derive correlations and/or identify anomalies that are instrumental to the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of diseases as well as the discovery of "precision" drugs that target specific illnesses.
A secure cyberinfrastructure enables researchers to quickly access and share vast datasets with their external counterparts and industry partners, and it allows for faster and more efficient virtual experiments and simulations as well as building better health profiles and predictive models for individual patients.
"In this context, the security of patient data is critical," Luo said, adding that the NSF project will enable sharing and computing of sensitive datasets between private computer clusters, a shared high-performance computing facility (such as the Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center in Holyoke) and/or a HIPAA-compliant cloud.
"We will leverage technologies such as software-defined infrastructure (SDI), blockchain and secure domain name system to extend the boundary of computing to sensitive and private data," said Luo.
SDI refers to the operation of IT infrastructure entirely under the control of software and with little or no human intervention.
"This is the first project to bring the agility and resilience of SDI to clinical research activities," said Luo. "The resulting infrastructure can be applied to a wide range of cyberinfrastructure that handles sensitive data, including homeland security and counterterrorism."
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UMass Lowell is a national research university located on a high-energy campus in the heart of a global community. The university offers its more than 18,000 students bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees in business, education, engineering, fine arts, health, humanities, sciences and social sciences. UMass Lowell delivers high-quality educational programs, vigorous hands-on learning and personal attention from leading faculty and staff, all of which prepare graduates to be leaders in their communities and around the globe. http://www.uml.edu