A study of immune responses in mice vaccinated with antigen-loaded dendritic cells at different times of day and night found that vaccination led to a higher proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells when the vaccine was administered in the middle of the day compared with other time-points; further experiments suggested that the circadian clock of CD8+ T cells controls the magnitude of the response by shaping the cells' transcriptional program and rendering the cells more or less responsive depending on the time of day.
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Article #19-05080: "The circadian clock of CD8 T cells modulates their early response to vaccination and the rhythmicity of related signaling pathways," by Chloé C. Nobis et al.
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Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences