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In neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and ALS, excessive H2O2 from reactive astrocytes triggers a vicious cycle of oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and neuronal loss. This cycle is worsened by reduced astrocytic hemoglobin, a natural antioxidant defense. KDS12025 enhances hemoglobin’s H2O2-decomposition, lowers oxidative stress, restores astrocyte and neuron health, and preserves memory and motor function—transforming a vicious cycle into a virtuous one. Beyond brain diseases, KDS12025 also shows protective effects in rheumatoid arthritis, underscoring its broad therapeutic potential.

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