Metformin-mediated activation of SIK1 protects against EV-D68-driven asthma exacerbation in house dust mite (HDM)-sensitized mice (IMAGE)
Caption
(A) C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks) were administered metformin at doses of 100 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg once daily via intraperitoneal injection on day 1 and day 2. On day 3, lung tissues were collected, and the protein level of SIK1 was determined by western blotting analysis.
(B) Experimental timeline. C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks) were intranasally sensitized with 250 μg kg-1 HDM extract on day 0 and challenged daily with the same dose on days 7–11. On days 12–13, animals received EV-D68 (1 × 106 PFU/kg) or DMEM (vehicle) intranasally. Metformin (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered once daily on days 12–14. Airway hyper-responsiveness measurements and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collection were performed on day 15; lung tissue was used for quantitative PCR analyses.
(C) Airway responsiveness to increasing doses of methacholine.
(D) Differential cell counts of BALF by Wright-Giemsa staining. (E–H) The indicated genes were detected by quantitative PCR and normalized to GAPDH expression. Values were from three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.
Credit
Juntong Liu, Yue Wang, Lingyun Zou, Xinyue Han, Mingqi Lv, Xichuan Deng, Jingjing Liao, Guangchao Zang, Lei Xu, Tianle Gu, Nan Lu, Guangyuan Zhang
Usage Restrictions
Credit must be given to the creator. Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted. No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted.
License
CC BY-NC-ND