Visual representation of key findings from the literature synthesis (IMAGE)
Caption
Visual representation of key findings from the literature synthesis on road traffic noise impacts on wildlife behaviour (see Data S2). Maximum reported impact distances (in meters) are shown for each category along the x-axis (note varying scales across panels a–d). (a) Distance of impact on vocal communication. (b) Distance of impact by habitat type (open—sand; dense—olive). Habitat selection in birds is also related to traffic volume, based on two studies representing different traffic volumes (moderate—yellow; high—red). (c) Distance of impact by traffic volume; categories were adapted from those used by the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, with slight modifications to accommodate variations in reporting across sources: extreme-low (<100), low (≤5000), moderate (≤20,000) and high (>20,000 vehicles/day). (d) Combined effects of habitat type and traffic volume on habitat selection in breeding birds. Notably, sensitivity varies across species (e.g. Horned Lark vs. Willow Warbler).
Credit
Yael Lehnardt
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