Nano‑Space Confinement Drives Rational Closed Pore Design in Hard Carbons for High‑Capacity and High‑Rate Sodium Storage (IMAGE)
Caption
- Nano-space confinement regulates heterogeneous nucleation of quasi-metallic Na clusters in closed graphitic pores of hard carbons, suggesting a coupled “intercalation-pore filling” and stage-wise storage mechanism for high Na-storage capacities.
- A new stage near the end of slope region was identified, where confined nano-spaces at 0.4–0.6 nm facilitate pre-desolvation and enhance Na-ion transport kinetics for high-rate capabilities.
- Rational design of stage-wise closed pores was achieved in hard carbons, resulting in superior performance of 500 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and 344 mAh g−1 at 2000 mA g−1.
Credit
Run Ren, Ling Zhang, Jianhua Zhu*, Yunfeng Chao, Junlin Guo, Yijun Cao, Xiaobo Ji, Xinwei Cui*.
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CC BY-NC-ND