July 4 climate models (IMAGE)
Caption
Three maps showing rainfall totals in the Texas Hill Country on July 4, 2025 based on different data inputs. The map on the left shows rainfall totals as recorded by rain gauges. The map in the middle is a model of the rainfall based on observed sea surface temperatures. The map on the right is a model of what rainfall totals could have looked like had sea surface temperatures been at their 40-year average for this time of year. Researchers note that although there are differences between the left and middle rainfall maps, these differences are considered minor and similar to the differences one would see between two different rain gauge datasets or differences among the various models run by the Weather Service.
Credit
Edward Vizy et. al.
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