Supersonic 3-D Metal (VIDEO) University of Johannesburg This video is under embargo. Please login to access this video. To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Caption A highly versatile process already used to manufacture aircraft parts and other expensive, delicate surfaces is now 3-D modeled to show the effects of temperature for the first time. Cold Gas Dynamic Spray (CGDS) can bond supersonic micron-sized metal particles to a metal or polymer surface without damaging it. However the entire CGDS process from flight-zone to particle deposition zone is very hard to predict numerically. The 3-D model of a single particle bonding to a surface by Professor Tien-Chien Jen from the University of Johannesburg, starts unlocking a decades-old puzzle. In this animation, the model predicts the temperature increase in the impact zone when a 5 micron copper particle impacts an aluminum substrate at 700 meters per second. Credit Hong-Shen Chen, University of Johannesburg. Usage Restrictions None License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.