Overview of the Changes Occurring in the Subarachnoid and Intracerebral CSF Spaces (IMAGE)
Caption
Overview of the changes occurring in the subarachnoid and intracerebral CSF spaces, including the superior sagittal sinus (1) and the ventricles (2), of the cosmonauts across different time points. Schematic coronal visualization is given in the upper row (panels A-C), taking together the current findings as well as an overview of previously described changes in previous studies in long-duration space travelers. Exemplary individual raw data on similar coronal slices is presented in the lower row (panels D-F), from which the ventricular enlargement is visible. Panels A and D show the baseline status, i.e. the preflight situation. Panels B and E show the postflight situation. Cerebral ventricular enlargement, widening of the subarachnoid CSF space around the temporal and parietal lobes, as well as a compression of the superior sagittal sinus and a narrower longitudinal fissure can be noted. Panel C and F illustrate the situation at follow-up (on average 7 months after returning to Earth). It shows a partial normalization of ventricular CSF volumes and rewidening of the superior sagittal sinus.
Credit
Image courtesy of R. Maxine R�hl.
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