Figure 2 (IMAGE)

The University of Osaka

Figure 2

Caption

(a) Conductance of the quantum dot as a function of the gate voltage. The conductance is normalized by the conductance quantum (2e2/h). The experimental data (solid lines) and the results of the numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations (dashed lines) are quantitatively consistent with each other. (b) Filled circles show the effective charge e*/e as a function of Wilson ratio which quantifies the strength of fluctuations. The effective charge e*/e is derived by the current noise and the Wilson ratio represents quantum fluctuations. Three square symbols represent the theoretical prediction for SU(4), SU(2), and non-interacting particles. Dashed line is the extended theoretical prediction, which nicely connects the symmetry crossover of the quantum liquid ground states.

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Osaka University

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