Arlington, Va. — January 11, 2024 — A new study published today in the American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC) reports microbial contamination — including pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria — on high-touch hospital surfaces despite compliance with recommended disinfection protocols. The findings shed light on the persistent challenge of reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and indicate that innovative strategies may be needed for more effective disinfection of these surfaces.
The risk of microbial contamination on hospital surfaces is a well-known factor in the spread of HAIs, and it has led to carefully established disinfection procedures to keep patients and healthcare workers safe. But as this new study demonstrates, current best practices in routine hospital disinfection may not be sufficient to prevent the spread of pathogens, particularly for surfaces that are frequently touched by many different people.
The study was conducted at the Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, where researchers collected samples from 400 surfaces between June and July of 2022. They focused on high-touch surfaces such as simulation manikins used for resuscitation practice, workstations on wheels, breakroom tables, bed rails, and computer keyboards at nurse’s stations. All of these surfaces were found to harbor bacteria, and manikins and bed rails also had the most diverse types of bacteria.
A total of 60 different kinds of bacteria were identified across all samples, including 18 well-known human pathogens and a number of bacteria that can be pathogenic to humans under certain circumstances. The most common types of known pathogenic bacteria included Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella aerogenes, among others. Some of the potentially pathogenic types of bacteria have been associated with central-line associated bloodstream infections, meningitis, and endocarditis. About half of the bacteria identified through these samples were also found in clinical samples collected from patients during 2022.
“It is a continuing frustration to healthcare professionals that HAIs persist despite rigorous attention to disinfection practices,” said Piyali Chatterjee, PhD, Research Scientist at Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System and senior author of this paper. “Our study clearly shows the bioburden associated with high-touch hospital surfaces — including simulation manikins, which are not typically regarded as a risk because patients rarely touch them — and indicates that we must do better in protecting the health of our patients and our hospital employees.”
“This study underscores the critical value of infection prevention and control efforts in our healthcare systems,” said Tania Bubb, PhD, RN, CIC, FAPIC, 2024 APIC president. “By understanding the gaps in our current disinfection protocols, we can focus on developing more effective protocols and education strategies to prevent the spread of dangerous organisms and better protect patients and healthcare workers from HAIs.”
About APIC
Founded in 1972, the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) is the leading association for infection preventionists and epidemiologists. With more than 15,000 members, APIC advances the science and practice of infection prevention and control. APIC carries out its mission through research, advocacy, and patient safety; education, credentialing, and certification; and fostering development of the infection prevention and control workforce of the future. Together with our members and partners, we are working toward a safer world through the prevention of infection. Join us and learn more at apic.org.
About AJIC
As the official peer-reviewed journal of APIC, The American Journal of Infection Control (AJIC) is the foremost resource on infection control, epidemiology, infectious diseases, quality management, occupational health, and disease prevention. Published by Elsevier, AJIC also publishes infection control guidelines from APIC and the CDC. AJIC is included in Index Medicus and CINAHL. Visit AJIC at ajicjournal.org.
NOTES FOR EDITORS
“Understanding the significance of microbiota recovered from healthcare surfaces,” by Chetan Jinadatha, Thanuri Navarathna, Juan Negron-Diaz, Gautam Ghamande, Brandon A. Corona, Andres Adrianza, John David Coppin, Hosoon Choi, and Piyali Chatterjee, was published online in AJIC on January 11, 2024. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2023.11.006
AUTHORS
Piyali Chatterjee, PhD (Corresponding author: Piyali.Chatterjee@va.gov), Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Chetan Jinadatha, MD, MPH, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Thanuri Navarathna, BS, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Juan Negron-Diaz, MD, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, Baylor Scott and White Health
Gautam Ghamande, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Brandon A Corona, BS, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Andres Adrianza, MD, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, Baylor Scott and White Health
John David Coppin, MPH, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
Hosoon Choi, PhD, Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System
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Journal
American Journal of Infection Control
Method of Research
Experimental study
Subject of Research
Not applicable
Article Title
Understanding the significance of microbiota recovered from healthcare surfaces
Article Publication Date
11-Jan-2024
COI Statement
Conflicts of interest: None to report. Funding/support: This manuscript is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX.