Article Highlight | 14-Jul-2025

Expression of γδ T cells and lymphocyte subsets in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients

Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal Center

Key Points:

1. Study Focus

Investigated γδ T cells and lymphocyte subsets in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

Compared 55 MM patients (staged I–III) with 30 healthy controls using flow cytometry.

2. Key Findings

γδ T cells: Significantly elevated in MM patients (P < 0.001), highest in stage III, and correlated with disease progression.

Lymphocyte subsets:

- Increased CD8⁺ T cells (P < 0.01).

- Decreased CD19⁺ B cells, CD3⁺ T cells, CD4⁺ T cells, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio (P < 0.05).

Diagnostic value: γδ T cell percentage showed high accuracy (AUC = 0.973) for MM prediction.

3. Clinical Implications

γδ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells may drive MM progression, while B cell depletion reflects immune dysfunction.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cell count (WBC) varied by disease stage.

4. Limitations

Small sample size (especially stage I: *n* = 4).

Single-center retrospective design; lacks mechanistic validation.

5. Future Directions

Expand multicenter studies to validate γδ T cells as a diagnostic biomarker.

Explore γδ T cell-targeted immunotherapies for MM.

Conclusion:γδ T cells and altered lymphocyte subsets are linked to MM immune dysregulation and staging. γδ T cells show promise as a diagnostic tool, warranting further research for therapeutic applications.

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