Predictive values of the blood CHG index combined with MHR or TG/HDL-C for Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: a cross-sectional diagnostic study

Background and objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and glucose index (CHG index) alone and combined with the monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) or triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) for NSTE-ACS.

Methods

This cross-sectional diagnostic study included 150 patients with NSTE-ACS and 76 healthy controls. Based on the median Gensini score, patients were divided into high-risk (Gensini score ≥51, n = 75) and low-risk groups (Gensini score <51, n = 75). MHR, TG/HDL-C, and CHG index were compared between patients and controls and between high- and low-risk groups. Their correlations with Gensini scores were assessed. Univariate and Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with high-risk coronary lesions among patients with NSTE-ACS. The predictive performance of individual indicators (MHR, TG/HDL-C, and CHG index) and their combinations was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

MHR, TG/HDL-C, and CHG index were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (all P < 0.001) and the high-risk group than the low-risk group. Those indicators positively correlated with Gensini scores and were independently associated with high-risk coronary lesions among patients with NSTE-ACS (odds ratio (OR) = 16.051, 95% confidence interval (CI): 13.677-99.650 for MHR; OR = 3.562, 95% CI: 1.868-6.793 for TG/HDL-C; and OR = 2.455, 95% CI: 1.040-5.791 for CHG index). The areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.803 (95% CI: 0.730-0.876) for MHR, 0.746 (95% CI: 0.666-0.826) for TG/HDL-C, and 0.659 (95% CI: 0.573-0.746) for CHG index. The combination of CHG index and TG/HDL-C achieved an AUC of 0.821 (95% CI: 0.755-0.887), while the combination of CHG index and MHR achieved the higher AUC of 0.872 (95% CI: 0.815-0.929).

Conclusions

MHR, TG/HDL-C, and CHG index are independently associated with high-risk coronary lesions among patients with NSTE-ACS. Combining CHG index with MHR or TG/HDL-C shows numerically higher AUCs for identifying high-risk coronary lesions.

Full text:

https://www.xiahepublishing.com/2472-0712/ERHM-2026-00005

The study was recently published in the Exploratory Research and Hypothesis in Medicine.

Exploratory Research and Hypothesis in Medicine (ERHM) publishes original exploratory research articles and state-of-the-art reviews that focus on novel findings and the most recent scientific advances that support new hypotheses in medicine. The journal accepts a wide range of topics, including innovative diagnostic and therapeutic modalities as well as insightful theories related to the practice of medicine. The exploratory research published in ERHM does not necessarily need to be comprehensive and conclusive, but the study design must be solid, the methodologies must be reliable, the results must be true, and the hypothesis must be rational and justifiable with evidence.

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