News Release

能模仿章鱼3-D伪装能力的材料

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Material Mimics 3-D Camouflage Abilities of an Octopus

video: An example of a silicone-mesh composite membrane pressurized with air. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the 13 October 2017, issue of Science, published by AAAS. The paper, by J.H. Pikul at Cornell University in Ithaca, NY, and colleagues was titled, "Stretchable surfaces with programmable 3D texture morphing for synthetic camouflaging skins." view more 

Credit: J.H. Pikul <i>et al., Science</i> (2017)

科学家们创建了一种2-D材料,它能变成一种3-D材料,并能隐藏在其环境之中,这种能力与章鱼和其它头足类动物的隐蔽能力类似。除了改变颜色外,这些头足类动物的皮肤还衬有竖立肌,后者能快速地变换各种形状。James Pikul和同事在这里用一种人工材料来模拟这一3-D隐蔽能力。这种材料是由一种埋置于硅橡胶的纤维网状物构成的。该纤维网状物形成能约束这种材料的环形层状结构,它能防止局部扩展,而该材料的其余部分可在膨胀时被拉伸。该网状结构与章鱼的肌肉行为类似,而柔性橡胶则能模仿章鱼的皮肤。该网状纤维能以特殊方式排布而变成理想的形状。研究人员通过制造人工的、与环境混合的“可充胀”圆形石头来展示这一变形能力。他们还编程了一种模仿多肉葡萄这种植物形状的膜性物质。在一则相关的《视角》文章中,Cecilia Laschi指出,这一进展是发展机器人隐蔽能力所迈出的重要的第一步。它或许对野外的动物研究及军事用途有帮助。

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