News Release

地理、年龄和贫血对撒哈拉以南非洲儿童疫苗反应的影响

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Geography, Age and Anemia Shape Childhood Vaccine Responses in Sub-Saharan Africa (3 of 4)

image: The immune system heats up with age: how and when immune cells change was found to occur differently in Tanzanian and Dutch children. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Feb. 5, 2020, issue of <i>Science Translational Medicine</i>, published by AAAS. The paper, by D.L. Hill at Babraham Institute in Cambridge, UK; and colleagues was titled, "Immune system development varies according to age, location, and anemia in African children." view more 

Credit: [Credit: Dr. Danika Hill]

据一项研究披露,在儿童的正在发展的免疫系统中的疫苗反应可能取决于诸如年龄、地理位置和贫血状况等因素;该研究比较了1119名荷兰儿童与撒哈拉以南非洲171名参加疟疾疫苗试验的儿童样本。通过揭示地理因素如何影响儿童的免疫反应,这些发现可以帮助卫生当局在发展中国家开展更有效的疫苗接种运动。低收入国家的儿童极易感染可用疫苗预防的疾病和历来缺乏疫苗的诸如疟疾等的感染。然而,某些免疫接种在儿童中的作用不如在成年人中的作用,其部分原因是科学家尚未完全了解年龄、营养和遗传学会如何影响正在发育的免疫系统。Danika Hill和同事对55名坦桑尼亚儿童和116名莫桑比克5岁以下儿童的血液样本进行了检查,这些孩子皆参加了一项RTS,S(MosquirixTM)的3期试验—MosquirixTM是欧洲首批获得许可的疟疾疫苗之一。他们发现,这些儿童体内的免疫细胞的组成在为期32个月的试验中一直在演变,在某些情况下,与先前研究中所收集的荷兰儿童的样品相比,它们成熟得更快。此外,与坦桑尼亚的儿童相比,莫桑比克儿童显示了更强的对疟疾疫苗的抗体反应,暗示各大洲的地理环境也会影响免疫动态。一个关键发现是:坦桑尼亚和莫桑比克的贫血儿童对疫苗的免疫反应较弱,B细胞出现频率较低;通过在实验室中的追踪调查,作者将后者与缺乏可生物利用的铁挂钩。他们说,他们的结果可以解释在贫血儿童和缺铁成年人中所观察到的不良的疫苗接种结果,但他们补充说,进一步的研究应仔细分析缺铁的影响。

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