News Release

白鹳群中的领飞者有着更具效能的飞翔方式

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Birds at the Head of a Flock Are the More Efficient, Tactical Fliers (1 of 1)

image: Group of white storks flying. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the date, issue of <i>Science</i>, published by AAAS. The paper, by A. Flack at Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Radolfzell, Germany, and colleagues was titled, "From local collective behavior to global migratory patterns in white storks." view more 

Credit: Photo by Simone Rosenfelder. Copyright MaxCine, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Radolfzell

对一群未成年鹳鸟进行详细追踪后发现,那些引领鸟群飞行的鹳与那些跟飞的鹳有着迥异的飞行方法;那些鹳群中的领飞者能更有效地驾驭热成风、它们的鼓翼频度较低,往往能比跟飞者迁徙得更远。这些结果提示,社群动态在迁徙引领中可能起着作用。Andrea Flack和同事在此给27只未成年白鹳(Ciconia ciconia)加装了高分辨率追踪装置,并在它们迁徙旅程的头5天中对它们的飞行进行了约1100多公里的监测。这些白鹳的翅膀扑动活动并不受个体特征(如性别或体型大小或羽毛丰满前的情况)的影响。然而,作者确实注意到,那些倾向于在鸟群前领飞的白鹳与那些喜欢落在群体后跟飞者之间存在着明显的差异。跟飞的白鹳不仅会用显著更多的时间来鼓动翼翅,而且它们利用热成风飞行(即利用热气流,这能节省飞行时所用能量)的时间要比领飞白鹳短。作者说,跟飞白鹳会在较低的高空更早地结束热成风飞行(这可能是为了避免落单),因此,它们似乎没有充分利用热气流的潜力。此外,在滑行飞翔时,跟飞白鹳会更远地落后于领飞者,且其飞行高度也变得日益下降。尽管某给定的白鹳是否倾向于成为领飞者或跟飞者,它们中几乎所有的成员都会在跟随其它白鹳飞行时表现出比它们在领飞时更为规则的盘旋飞行及在热气流中较快的升飞速度。Gabrielle Nevitt在相关的《视角》中对这一研究进行了讨论。

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