image: Schematic illustration of hyperbolic metamaterials and metasurfaces. (a) Type I hyperbolic metamaterials (εo > 0 and εe < 0) in metallic nanorod or nanowire configuration and their representative dispersion in the wavevector space (k-space). (b) Type II hyperbolic metamaterials (εo < 0 and εe > 0) in metal-dielectric multilayer configuration and their dispersion in the wavevector space. view more
Credit: OEA
In a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2021.210031 , Researchers led by Professor Andrei V. Lavrinenko and Dr Pavel N. Melentiev from the DTU Fotonik-Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark and the Nanoplasmonics and Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Spectroscopy RAS, Moscow, Russia discuss photoluminescence control by hyperbolic metamaterials and metasurfaces.
Photoluminescence, emission of light from materials, including fluorescence, plays a great role in a wide variety of applications from biomedical sensing and imaging to optoelectronics. Therefore, the enhancement and control of photoluminescence has immense impact both on fundamental scientific research and aforementioned applications. Among various nanophotonic schemes and nanostructures to enhance the photoluminescence, the authors of this article focused on a certain type of nanostructures, hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) and metasurfaces. HMMs are highly anisotropic metamaterials, which produce intense localized electric fields, leading to enhanced light-matter interactions and control of emission directivity. Major building blocks of HMMs are metal and dielectric layers and/or trenches and metal nanowire structures, which can be made of noble metals, transparent conductive oxides, and refractory metals as plasmonic elements. What is very important, by their structure of HMMs, are not-resonant constructions providing photoluminescence enhancement in broad wavelength ranges. Hyperbolic metasurfaces are two-dimensional variants of HMMs.
In this review, the authors discuss current progress in photoluminescence control with various types of HMMs and metasurfaces. As losses are inevitable in the optical domain, active HMMs with gain media for compensation of the absorptive losses of the structures are also discussed. Such HMMs boost photoluminescence from dye molecules, quantum dots, nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds, perovskites and transition metal dichalcogenides for optical wavelengths from UV to near-infrared (λ = 290 – 1000 nm). By the combination of constituent materials and structural parameters, a HMM can be designed to control photoluminescence in terms of enhancement, emission directivity, and statistics (single-photon emission, classical light, lasing) at any desired wavelength range within the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions. HMM-based systems can serve as a robust platform for numerous applications, from light sources to bioimaging and sensing.
Article reference: Beliaev LY, Takayama O, Melentiev PN, Lavrinenko AV. Photoluminescence control by hyperbolic metamaterials and metasurfaces: a review. Opto-Electron Adv 4, 210031 (2021). doi: 10.29026/oea.2021.210031
Keywords: fluorescence, metamaterials, metasurfaces, Purcell effect, nanophotonics, hyperbolic metamaterials
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The Metamaterials group at DTU Fotonik -Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark led by Professor Andrei V. Lavrinenko studies various optical phenomena at nanoscale, such as propagating surface plasmon polaritons, localized plasmon polaritons, bound state in the continuum, surface electromagnetic waves in various nanostructured platforms including dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces, hyperbolic metamaterials, epsilon-near-zero and near-zero-index materials, high aspect ratio nanotrench, pillar, and tube structures. The study of optical properties of new materials are also in the focus of the group. The material platform also includes water-based metamaterials for radio frequencies. The research involves theoretical and numerical analysis, nanofabrication at the state-of-the-art cleanroom facility at DTU Nanolab, and material and optical characterization of samples for broad spectral range from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths. The group also explores the potential applications of such nano-optic phenomena and metamaterials for biomarker sensing, imaging, integrated and quantum optics.
The Nanoplasmonics and Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Spectroscopy RAS, Moscow, Russia led by Dr Pavel N. Melentiev in the laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy is involved in nanoplasmonics and nanophotonics, quantum nanoplasmonics, selective laser spectroscopy and fluorescence nanoscopy of nano-objects, as well as the study of nonlinear optical interaction of light with single plasmonic nanostructures and plasmonic crystals. In recent years, the group has focused on the area of optical registration of substances at very low concentrations based on the use of fluorescence detection and optical strong coupling of quantum emitters with plasmonic nanostructures. Optical sensors for biomarkers of human cardiovascular diseases as well as effective and reliable methods to determine the infectivity of a viral infection in humans have been successfully developed. The group has state-of-the-art facilities for optical measurements and characterization of the emission of various quantum emitters at the Institute of Spectroscopy of Russian Academy of Sciences.
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