Visualization of the deforming atomic wavefunction with attosecond time-resolved photoelectron holography

Revealing the impulsive response of the bound electron to electromagnetic field is of fundamentally important for understanding various nonlinear processes of matter, and it is one of the ultimate goals of attosecond science.

However, it is still a very challenging task so far. Recently, a group from Huazhong University of Science and Technology demonstrated a new photoelectron spectroscopy for metrology of the attosecond response of the bound electron exposed to the intense XUV pulses. In this work, they took the benefits of the attosecond temporal resolution of tunneling ionization and the subatomic spatial resolution of the photoelectron holography. With this scheme, they successfully filmed the attosecond movie of the impulsive response of the bound electron to an intense XUV pulses.

Their work not only revealed how the atomic stabilization is established in the intense laser field, but also established a novel photoelectron spectroscopy to time-resolved imaging of the ultrafast bound-state electron processes in intense laser fields. Extension of this method to more complex molecules is promising, and it will be an exciting aspect in the attosecond science.