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Tick, tock on the 'attoclock:' Tracking X-ray laser pulses at record speeds

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

To catch chemistry in action, scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory use the shortest possible flashes of X-ray light to create 'molecular movies' that capture the motions of atoms in chemical reactions and reveal new details about the most fundamental processes in nature.

Freedom and flexibility: Thinking outside the cell for functional genomics

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Grant and Award Announcement

Along with advances in sequencing technologies and capacities, JGI has developed capabilities such as single-cell genomics, synthetic biology, and metabolomics to move beyond generating a DNA sequence to understanding gene functions for a myriad of applications. The latest proposal approved through the JGI's Emerging Technologies Opportunity Program (ETOP) aims to develop an optimized cell-free platform that will enable researchers to speed up the 'build' and 'test' portion of the design-build-test-analyze cycle in synthetic biology.

Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy

Hirohisa Tanaka joins SLAC to push limits of neutrino physics

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Accomplished neutrino physicist Hirohisa Tanaka has joined the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory as a professor of particle physics and astrophysics. He oversees a group at the lab that is preparing for research with the future Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). The experiment will give scientists unprecedented opportunities to learn more about neutrinos - fundamental particles with mysterious properties that could play crucial roles in the evolution of the universe.

First direct observations of methane's increasing greenhouse effect at the Earth's surface

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists have directly measured the increasing greenhouse effect of methane at the Earth's surface for the first time. A research team from the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) tracked a rise in the warming effect of methane -- one of the most important greenhouse gases for the Earth's atmosphere -- over a 10-year period at a DOE field observation site in northern Oklahoma.

Journal: Nature Geoscience
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy

Scientists develop sugar-coated nanosheets to selectively target pathogens

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A team led by Berkeley Lab scientists has developed a process for creating ultrathin, self-assembling sheets of synthetic materials that can function like designer flypaper in selectively binding with viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. The new platform could potentially be used to inactivate or detect pathogens.

Journal: ACS Nano

Secretary of Energy Rick Perry visits SLAC, tours site of X-ray laser upgrade

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Secretary of Energy Rick Perry visited the US Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory today, where he toured the site of a superconducting upgrade to the accelerator that powers the lab's X-ray laser and met with employees in a town hall meeting.

Berkeley Lab scientists print all-liquid 3-D structures

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists have developed a way to print 3-D structures composed entirely of liquids. Using a modified 3-D printer, they injected threads of water into silicone oil -- sculpting tubes made of one liquid within another liquid.

Journal: Advanced Materials

Fleet of automated electric taxis could deliver environmental and energy benefits

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

It may be only a matter of time before urban dwellers can hail a self-driving taxi, so researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and UC Berkeley decided to analyze the cost, energy, and environmental implications of a fleet of self-driving electric vehicles operating in Manhattan. They found that shared automated electric vehicles, or SAEVs, could get the job done at a lower cost -- by an order of magnitude -- than present-day taxis while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption.

Journal: Environmental Science & Technology
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy

Q&A: Bruce Gates on the molecules that can drive chemical reactions

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

There's a class of materials responsible for the chemistry we rely on to make fertilizer for crops, create prescription drugs and refine oil into gasoline. They're called catalysts, and they speed up chemical reactions and steer the direction of the changes that happen during the transformation from one chemical compound to another. Despite the fact that many catalysts are commonly found in biology (these catalysts are called enzymes), the chemistries of most catalysts are still not fully understood because of their complexity.

Sewage sludge leads to biofuels breakthrough

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Researchers at the US Department of Energy Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered a new enzyme that will enable microbial production of a renewable alternative to petroleum-based toluene, a widely used octane booster in gasoline that has a global market of 29 million tons per year.

Journal: Nature Chemical Biology
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy

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