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Real world native biocrusts: Microbial metabolism

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Specific compounds are transformed by and strongly associated with specific bacteria in native biological soil crust (biocrust) using a suite of tools called 'exometabolomics.' Understanding how microbial communities in biocrusts adapt to harsh environments could shed light on the roles of soil microbes in the global carbon cycle.

Journal: Nature Communications

Q&A: Sam Webb teaches X-ray science from a remote classroom

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

When Sam Webb teaches, he shows that science is a part of everyday life. For him, it's important that students learn science does not need to be intimidating.

Webb is a staff scientist at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Acceleratory Laboratory. He started working at SSRL in the fall of 2001 as a postdoctoral researcher.

When one reference genome is not enough

DOE/Joint Genome Institute
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Having plant pan-genomes for crops that are important for fuel and food applications would enable breeders to harness natural diversity to improve traits such as yield, disease resistance, and tolerance of marginal growing conditions. In Nature Communications, an international team led by researchers at the Joint Genome Institute gauged the size of a plant pan-genome using Brachypodium distachyon, a wild grass widely used as a model for grain and biomass crops.

Journal: Nature Communications
Funder: US Department of Energy's Office of Science

A functional genomics database for plant microbiome studies

DOE/Joint Genome Institute
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Most of the interaction between microbes and plants occurs at the interface between the roots and soil. In Nature Genetics, a team led by JGI researchers isolated novel bacteria from plant root environments and combined the new genomes with thousands of publicly available genomes representing the major groups of plant-associated bacteria, and bacteria from plant and non-plant environments. Through the resulting database, researchers identified genes enriched in the genomes of plant-associated and root-associated organisms.

Journal: Nature Genetics
Funder: US Department of Energy's Office of Science

Major technology developments boost LCLS X-ray laser's discovery power

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

Accelerator experts at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory are developing ways to make the most powerful X-ray laser better than ever. They have created the world's shortest X-ray pulses for capturing the motions of electrons, as well as ultra-high-speed trains of X-ray pulses for 'filming' atomic motion, and have developed 'smart' computer programs that maximize precious experimental time.

Star mergers: A new test of gravity, dark energy theories

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Observations and measurements of a neutron star merger have largely ruled out some theories relating to gravity and dark energy, and challenged a large class of theories.

Journal: Physical Review Letters

Creating a world of make-believe to better understand the real universe

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Scientists are creating simulated universes -- complete with dark matter mock-ups, computer-generated galaxies, quasi quasars, and pseudo supernovae -- to better understand real-world observations.

Beta of Neurodata Without Borders software now available

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Business Announcement

Neuroscientists can now explore a beta version of the new Neurodata Without Borders: Neurophysiology (NWB:N 2.0) software and offer input to developers before it is fully released next year.

Scientists discover path to improving game-changing battery electrode

DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Researchers from Stanford University, two Department of Energy national labs and the battery manufacturer Samsung created a comprehensive picture of how the same chemical processes that give cathodes their high capacity are also linked to changes in atomic structure that sap performance.

Journal: Nature Communications

ESnet's Petascale DTN project speeds up data transfers between leading HPC centers

DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Business Announcement

A new Petascale Data Transfer Node project aims to to achieve regular disk-to-disk, end-to-end transfer rates of one petabyte per week between major supercomputing facilities, which translates to achievable throughput rates of about 15 Gbps on real world science data sets.

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