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Exploring the superconducting transition in ultra thin films

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory are using a precise atom-by-atom layering technique to fabricate an ultrathin transistor-like field effect device to study the conditions that turn insulating materials into high-temperature superconductors. The technical breakthrough is already leading to advances in understanding high-temperature superconductivity, and could also accelerate the development of resistance-free electronic devices.

Journal: Nature
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy, Swiss National Science Foundation

RHIC Physicists Nab New Record for Heaviest Antimatter

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Members of the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider--a particle accelerator used to recreate and study conditions of the early universe at Brookhaven National Laboratory--have detected the antimatter partner of the helium nucleus: antihelium-4. This new particle, also known as the anti-alpha, is the heaviest antinucleus ever detected, topping a discovery announced by the same collaboration just last year.

Journal: Nature
Funder: U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Basic Energy Science within the Office of Science

Brookhaven storm experts head to Oklahoma

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Grant and Award Announcement

This spring, scientists from the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory will head to Oklahoma! -- where the clouds come sweepin' down the plain, and ... the wind comes right behind the rain -- to take atmospheric measurements aimed at improving global climate models.

Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy

Cocaine images capture motivated attention among users

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists at the US Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University have conducted the most comprehensive study to date of how cocaine users respond to drug-related and other emotional stimuli, making use of comparisons with a matched control group and exploring the effects of recent cocaine use and abstinence.

Journal: European Journal of Neuroscience
Funder: General Clinical Research Center of Stony Brook University, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Expanding the degrees of surface freezing

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

As part of the quest to form perfectly smooth single-molecule layers of materials for advanced energy, electronic, and medical devices, researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have discovered that the molecules in thin films remain frozen at a temperature where the bulk material is molten.

Journal: Physical Review Letters
Funder: US Department of Energy's Office of Science, US-Israel Binational Science Foundation

Miniature 'wearable' PET scanner ready for use

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists have demonstrated the efficacy of a "wearable," portable PET scanner they've developed for rats. The device will give neuroscientists a new tool for simultaneously studying brain function and behavior in fully awake, moving animals.

Journal: Nature Methods
Funder: US Department of Energy's Office of Science

Genetic makeup and duration of abuse reduce the brain's neurons in drug addiction

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A study conducted at the US Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory demonstrated that drug addicted individuals who have a certain genetic makeup have lower gray matter density -- and therefore fewer neurons -- in areas of the brain that are essential for decision-making, self-control, and learning and memory.

Funder: NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, DOE/US Department of Energy, National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Binge eaters' dopamine levels spike at sight, smell of food

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A brain-imaging study reveals a subtle difference between ordinary obese subjects and those who compulsively overeat, or binge: In binge eaters but not ordinary obese subjects, the mere sight or smell of favorite foods triggers a spike in dopamine -- a brain chemical linked to reward and motivation. The findings suggest that this dopamine spike may play a role in triggering compulsive overeating.

Journal: Obesity
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy, National Institutes of Health

Hyperactive nerve cells may contribute to depression

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, and the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, have identified hyperactive cells in a tiny brain structure that may play an important role in depression. The study, conducted in rats and appearing in the Feb. 24, 2011, issue of Nature, is helping to reveal a cellular mechanism for depressive disorders that could lead to new, effective treatments.

Journal: Nature
Funder: Shiley-Marcos Endowment at University of California San Diego, Brookhaven Lab, NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory Directed Research and Development, Dana Foundation, Simons Foundation

Unique new probe of proton spin structure at RHIC

DOE/Brookhaven National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Scientists hoping to unravel the mystery of proton spin at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), a 2.4-mile-circumference particle accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory, have a new tool at their disposal -- the first to directly explore how quarks of different types, or "flavors," contribute to the overall spin of the proton.

Journal: Physical Review Letters
Funder: DOE/US Department of Energy, RIKEN

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