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Researchers tap rare pristine air to reveal pollution's impact

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Human-caused pollution spurs the production of climate-changing particles known as secondary organic aerosols much more than previously thought. Researchers made the finding by analyzing air samples that were captured aboard a research aircraft as it zigzagged between pristine air over the Amazon rainforest and polluted air over the nearby city of Manaus. It was like a trip back (and forth) through time, as scientists weaved between the two vastly different settings.

Journal: Nature Communications
Funder: US Department of Energy's Office of Science, and others

Taming the Chameleon Element Takes a Dream Team of Experts

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Cleaning up waste from Cold War era nuclear arsenal production could cost billions and take decades. An intense, diverse group at the IDREAM Energy Frontier Research Center is providing answers around aluminum and other troublemakers in the waste that drive up costs and lengthen timelines.

Meet the Director: Jim Mather, ARM User Facility

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Jim Mather has a rather unusual job. He's the director of a laboratory without walls, Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement user facility, that gathers never-before-seen atmospheric data at sites around the world.

New AI approach bridges the 'slim-data gap' that can stymie deep learning approaches

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Scientists have developed a deep neural network that sidesteps a problem that has bedeviled efforts to apply artificial intelligence to tackle complex chemistry -- a shortage of precisely labeled chemical data. The new method gives scientists an additional tool to apply deep learning to explore drug discovery, new materials for manufacturing, and a swath of other applications.

Sophisticated blood analysis provides new clues about Ebola, treatment avenues

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A detailed analysis of blood samples from Ebola patients is providing clues about the progression of the effects of the virus in patients and potential treatment pathways. The findings point to a critical role for a molecular pathway that relies on the common nutrient choline, as well as the importance of cellular bodies known as microvesicles. The preliminary results are based on an analysis of the lipids in a small number of blood samples.

Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Funder: NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Emerging/Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases Project of Japan, NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Science and Technology-Japan, Culture, Sports

Rust never sleeps

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

PNNL researchers have been able to observe in unprecedented detail how rust happens.

Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Funder: Department of Energy

PNNL tech serves as fish body double

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Business Announcement

Hundreds of surrogate 'fish' will be put to work at dams around the world through an agreement to license 'Sensor Fish' to Advanced Telemetry Systems. Sensor Fish provides data that can improve dam operations and increase sustainability. PNNL developed the Sensor Fish to understand what happens to fish as they pass through turbulent waters and turbines at hydroelectric facilities.

Funder: Department of Energy, Electric Power Research Institute, Army Corps of Engineers

Cloud or no cloud, that is the question

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Researchers at PNNL teamed up to find out if deep learning--a distinct subset of machine learning--can do a better job at identifying clouds in lidar data than the current physics-based algorithms. The answer: A clear 'yes.' The new model is much closer to the answers scientists arrive at but in just a fraction of the time.

Meeting: Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Visi

Two-dimensional materials skip the energy barrier by growing one row at a time

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A new study published in the journal Science, could provide engineers new design rules for creating microelectronics, membranes, and tissues, and open up better production methods for new materials. At the same time, the research helps uphold a scientific theory that has remained unproven for over a century.

Journal: Science
Funder: National Science Foundation

VitalTag to give vital information in mass casualty incidents

DOE/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Business Announcement

A stick-on sensor that measures and tracks a patient's vital signs to help first responders quickly triage, treat and transport the injured. The patent-pending VitalTag is a low-cost suite of sensors that detects, monitors and wirelessly transmits vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate and other metrics such as blood oxygen levels, shock index and data from a single-lead electrocardiogram.

Funder: Department of Homeland Security

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