More than 60 scientists from a dozen institutions have converged on this urban area to study how tiny particles called aerosols affect the climate. Sending airplanes and weather balloons outfitted with instruments up, the team will be sampling aerosols from June 2-28. Researchers from the US Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Richland, Wash., will be leading the monthlong study, coordinating air and ground operations at three sites in the Central Valley.