News Release

沙石开采与交易的潜在影响

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Hidden Impacts of Sand Extraction and Trade

image: Sand mined near the river is shoveled into trucks in Pak Beng, Laos, a small town next to the Mekong River. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Sept. 8, 2017, issue of Science, published by AAAS. The paper, by A. Torres at German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) in Leipzig, Germany, and colleagues was titled, "A looming tragedy of the sand commons." view more 

Credit: Aurora Torres, Ph.D., German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)

Aurora Torres等人在一则《视角》中强调,基础设施建设需求的日益增加正在提醒一系列必须解决的环境与社会问题,凸显了科学在可持续性解决方案中所起的作用。在1900年至2010年间,全球用于建筑和运输基础设施的自然资源体量增加了23倍,其中沙子和碎石占了这些主要材料的最大比重。然而,对沙石的开采往往监管不力,沙石常常被猖獗地非法开采和交易。作者提到了众多有害的沙石开采方式,如通过侵蚀、对底栖生境和悬浮泥沙造成物理干扰而损害生态系统。随之而来的环境退化还会给人类带来负面影响——如威胁水和食物安全以及增加疾病蔓延。采砂常常还会刺激社会和政治冲突,包括国家暴力犯罪活动及国家间的政治关系紧张;例如,印度的“沙石黑手党”被认为是最强大和有组织暴力犯罪集团之一。作者强调,需要用一种跨学科的科学方法来帮助阐述沙石开采和交易的潜在影响,并为将来确立更具可持续性的沙石开采的框架结构。作者得出结论,随着对沙石稀有性复杂环节关注的增加,国际社会开始了解如何更具可持续性地使用沙石并避免发生公用沙石悲剧。

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