image: This infographic shows how the scaling of reproductive-energy output in marine fishes affects our understanding of fisheries management, the efficacy of marine protected areas, and the impacts of climate change on fish stocks. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the 11 May 2018 issue of Science , published by AAAS. The paper, by D.R. Barneche at Monash University in Clayton, VIC, Australia, and colleagues was titled, "Fish reproductive-energy output increases disproportionately with body size."
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Credit: © Centre for Geometric Biology (Monash University)
一项新的研究揭示,即使考虑到体型比例等特征,那些体型较大的雌鱼也会比体型小的鱼生下更多的后代。这些结果对渔业管理人员具有意义,因为气候变化预计会令全球许多地区的鱼类体型缩小(并因而会减少它们孵出的后代数量)。有关繁殖规模是否随体型大小而变一直是激辩的问题。理论和渔业模型假设,一条2千克(kg)的鱼的生殖产量等于两条1kg的鱼的生殖产量;然而,进行实地考察的生物学家多次提出,鱼的生殖力会随着体重的增大而不成比例地增加。为了更详细地探索这一问题,Diego R. Barneche等对342种海鱼的生殖能量总产出进行了分析。他们的确发现,大多数种类的鱼存在着按比例缩放的模式,即体型较大的母鱼会以指数增加形式生下更多的后代。例如,一条30公斤(kg)重的雌鱼所产的卵要比~28条2-kg的雌鱼(其总体重量为56 kg)还要多;同样地,来自一条30 kg的雌鱼一次所产卵的总能量则是2 kg雌鱼一次所产卵总能量的37倍。作者说,这些结果强调了在海洋鱼群中补充较大体型鱼的重要性。根据大西洋鲭鱼(Scomber scombrus)在面临气候变化时预计发生的体型缩小的估计,作者提出,这将会导致各鱼种中每条鱼的繁殖量减少50%。好消息是,在受到保护的海洋区发现,那里的鱼的体型有所增加,它至少指出了一种未来渔业可持续性发展的解决方案。
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