News Release

重金属堪称针对细菌感染的重型火炮

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Heavy Metal Acts as Heavy Artillery Against Bacterial Infections

image: Gallium synergized with the antibiotic colistin (Col) in killing P. aeruginosa bacteria in plate cultures. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Sept. 26, 2018, issue of Science Translational Medicine, published by AAAS. The paper, by C.H. Goss at University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle, Wash.; and colleagues was titled, "Gallium disrupts bacterial iron metabolism and has therapeutic effects in mice and humans with lung infections." view more 

Credit: C.H. Goss <i>et al., Science Translational Medicine </i>(2018)]

一种新型的含有重金属镓的抗菌素疗法可在小鼠体内安全地阻止细菌生长;它在罹患囊性纤维化或慢性肺部感染病人中进行的I期临床试验的初步阶段也显示了疗效。这些发现支持这样的理念,即用镓及其它金属来阻断细菌代谢或是可行的抗菌素标准治疗的替代方法。在抗菌素发明之前,诸如铜和汞等金属常被用作抗微生物制剂,因为它们已知对多种细菌具有毒性。在耐抗生素幽灵不断增长的驱使下,Christopher Goss和同事改造了镓的用途(镓是一种用于合金及半导体的金属元素),将其作为针对感染肺部致病菌的抗菌制剂。他们的治疗方法利用了镓与铁结构类似的事实,而铁对细菌的营养和代谢至关重要;这使得镓能作为“特洛伊木马”而混进细菌的代谢系统。作者显示,低浓度的镓可抑制病人痰液样本中的细菌生长,这些患者感染了铜绿假单胞菌(又称绿脓杆菌),后者是经常感染住院患者的一种细菌。他们指出,细菌对镓产生抵抗力的速度缓慢,而镓与现有的抗生素(如粘菌素和妥布霉素)配对使用时也有效。该研究团队接着发现,在小鼠的绿脓杆菌感染模型中,静脉内给予镓可减少细菌计数并提高其存活率。一个验证原理的\、有20名患者参与的临床试验显示,经过28天的静脉内用镓治疗可在囊性纤维化或绿脓杆菌所致肺部慢性感染患者中改善其肺功能,且没有引起严重的不良反应。作者计划开展更大规模的临床试验来进一步确定镓与已经确立的抗生素合用的安全性、治疗功效和有效性。

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