News Release

个性化外骨骼可进一步改善支持能力

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Personalized Exoskeletons Are Taking Support One Step Farther

video: A brief, one-minute video describing how Zhang et al. personalize an exoskeleton for its user, decreasing the amount of effort required to use it. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the 23 June 2017, issue of Science, published by AAAS. The paper, by J. Zhang at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA, and colleagues was titled, "Human-in-the-loop optimization of exoskeleton assistance during walking." view more 

Credit: Rahkendra Ice / AAAS

研究人员研发出了一种外骨骼系统,它能为其使用者提供个性化的运动支持。在健康志愿者中,与该系统不提供个性化运动支持相比,这些优化的外骨骼会令他们在行走时的能量支出平均减少24%。外骨骼有助于增强人类的能力,例如,它能让人提起更重的东西或在恢复时减少能耗。然而,每个人会表现出其独特的自然运动,这意味着通用型的均码外骨骼会对具体的人产生不同的影响。例如,某个人的脚踝在行走时可能会比另一人有更大的旋转度。为了创制更具个性化的外骨骼,Juanjuan Zhang等研发了一种系统,它能在外骨骼微秒地改变其协助模式时对其支持使用者脚踝的能耗进行检测。在这一案例中,该系统以4种方式改变其对脚踝运动的支持:最大扭矩(旋转度)、出现最大扭矩的时间及脚踝抬起和落下的时间。在行走大约1小时的过程中,该系统能确定哪些支持模式有助于将那个人的能耗降至最低。当外骨骼只对一个脚踝的扭矩给予优化支持时,11名志愿者在行走时的能耗平均减少了24%。有一名在2个脚踝上都穿戴了优化外骨骼的志愿者的能耗降幅达33%。耐人寻味的是,这些受试者在用优化外骨骼进行更多次行走时,他们的能耗会有进一步的减少,这表明,外骨骼使用者在用该装置时本身会做出微秒的适应性改变,这会带来进一步的优化。Philippe Malcolm等人在《视角》中重点介绍了这一进展。

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