News Release

猕猴和人一样知道其回溯记忆的能力

Peer-Reviewed Publication

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Macaques, Like Humans, Know How Well They Can Recall Memories

image: Retrospection: Self-reflection of one's own past. This material relates to a paper that appeared in the Jan. 13, 2017, issue of Science, published by AAAS. The paper, by K. Miyamoto at The University of Tokyo School of Medicine in Tokyo, Japan, and colleagues was titled, "Causal neural network of metamemory for retrospection in primates." view more 

Credit: Yasushi Miyashita

研究人员已经在猕猴中查明了一个脑区,猕猴用该脑区来评估它们找回记忆的能力。到目前为止,这一元记忆过程被有些人认为是人类特有的,尽管本研究表明并非如此;元记忆过程需要对我们自身认知进行更高层面的自我反省。评估个体自身的记忆需要获取有关记忆痕迹强度的信息,但涉及这一功能的脑内结构和神经元机制(以及它们是否不同于正常的记忆追溯)仍然不为人知。为了获取这一领域的线索,Kentaro Miyamoto和同事在非人类灵长动物中设计了一个元记忆测试,在该试验中,猕猴对回想其以往经历的自信心会做出判断;如果猕猴对记忆回溯结果判断正确的确信度较高,它们会选择更高的赌注。应用这一设置加上全脑功能性神经影像搜寻,研究人员在脑额前叶确定了一个特定区域,它对元记忆决策至关重要。它的失活会对元记忆(而非记忆本身)造成选择性伤害。这些结果为用动物模型进一步研究元认知的神经元基础做好了准备;过去,要在动物模型中对元记忆进行评估一直颇为困难。

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