During the course of evolution, the mammalian cranio-mandibular secondary joint—formed by the dentary condyle and the squamosal glenoid fossa, which replaced the reptilian articular–quadrate joint—represents an innovative structure in vertebrate evolution. By CT-scanning two classic fossils, Chinese researchers found previously unknown jaw joints and proposed a clear, four-step sequence showing how chewing and hearing functions were gradually split between jaw and ear.

Researchers from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Donghua University reported a soft, movable, long-term implantable fiber electrode called "NeuroWorm," marking a radical shift for bioelectronic interfaces from static operation to dynamic operation and from passive recording to active, intelligent exploration.

A research team led by Prof. HAN Shuo from the Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a novel cell-surface protein engineering strategy called Proximity Amplification and Tagging of Cytotoxic Haptens (PATCH), which applies proximity labeling to immunomodulation for the first time.