Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have gained unique insight into the mechanisms behind the collapse of Antarctic ice shelves, which are crucial for sea level rise in the Northern Hemisphere. The discovery of old aerial photos has provided an unparalleled dataset that can improve predictions of sea level rise and how we should prioritise coastal protection and other forms of climate adaptation.

Ship traffic in shallow areas, such as ports, can trigger large methane emissions by just moving through the water. The researchers in a study, led by Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden, observed twenty times higher methane emissions in the shipping lane compared to nearby undisturbed areas. Despite the fact that methane is a greenhouse gas that is 27 times as powerful as carbon dioxide, these emissions are often overlooked with today's measurement methods.

"Our measurements show that ship passages trigger clear pulses of high methane fluxes from the water to the atmosphere. This is caused by pressure changes and mixing of the water mass. Even if the pulses are short, the total amount during a day is significant," says Amanda Nylund, researcher at Chalmers University of Technology and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, SMHI.

Many wild Vanilla species are dependent on insects that pollinate them. But what happens if plants and insects are forced into different habitats? Researchers have examined if shifts in species’ geographic ranges could lead to future mismatches. They found that climate change may lead to reduced overlap in suitable habitats for wild vanilla and their pollinators. This could negatively affect the survival chances of these wild species, especially those dependent on specific pollinators, but also threaten the future of the vanilla crop and global vanilla supply.

A new analysis suggests that reductions in U.S. military spending could result in significant decreases in energy consumption by the Department of Defense, leading to reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Ryan Thombs of Penn State University, U.S., and colleagues present these findings in the open-access journal PLOS Climate on July 2.

Fuelled by climate change and relentless pressure on land and water resources, some of the most widespread and damaging drought events in recorded history have taken place since 2023, according to a UN-backed report launched today.  The report provides a comprehensive account of how droughts compound poverty, hunger, energy insecurity, and ecosystem collapse.

A Chinese research team has shown how a climate shift from wet to sub-humid conditions 167 million years ago reshaped East Asia’s landscapes, driving an increase in biodiversity in the Yanliao Biota. Published in National Science Review, the study highlights how varied habitats drove the evolution of early mammals, dinosaurs, and insects in the North China Craton.