Excessive Malassezia yeast colonization in lesional skin has been found to cause psoriasis exacerbations. This paper published in Mycology found that oxymatrine inhibits Malassezia biofilm formation and ameliorates Malassezia-associated psoriasis by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

China’s national carbon market has become the world’s largest carbon market and is expected to be a crucial policy instrument for achieving the country’s “dual carbon” goals. The design of China’s national carbon market integrates economic theory and international experiences, and more importantly, it fully considers China’s actual situation. This is reflected in key areas such as sectoral coverage, allowance allocation, cap setting, and the MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification) system. Currently, China’s national carbon market has made effective progress in several aspects, but it also faces challenges.

Cr-Nb containing refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) excel in high strength beyond 1200℃ but a low density close to Ti-based alloys, which endow them promising for applications in aero engines. However, oxidation is the bottleneck that limits their practical applications. Recently, CrNbO₄ has been found to effectively protect them from oxidation. Nevertheless, little is known about this oxide. To elucidate the protection mechanism of CrNbO₄ and explore its properties, we report herein for the first time the microstructure, mechanical, and thermal properties of CrNbO₄.

Addressing the critical challenge of crack propagation in electrodeposited SiO₂ coatings caused by cristobalite phase transitions, the Al nanoparticles were incorporated into SiO₂ coatings for enhanced phase stability and durable temperature oxidation resistance. Incorporating Al inhibits and optimizes the generation of cristobalite, suppressing the formation of cracks, thereby reducing the parabolic oxidation rate constant of the SiO₂ coating by ​​32.4%​​ after oxidation at 900 °C for 100 h. The DFT calculations demonstrate that the introduced Al preferentially exists in a substitutional form, effectively stabilizing the K@SiO₂ lattice structure by inhibiting K migration-induced cristobalite precipitation. Thermodynamically, the negative solution energy (-4.367 eV) of K@Si_x-1AlO_2x confirms the spontaneous incorporation of substitutional Al into K@SiO₂ lattice. Structurally, substitutional Al forms a shorter Al-K bond (2.91 Å) compared to the Si-K bond (3.39 Å), which can mitigate K-induced channel distortion and hinder the migration of K. Charge distribution analysis reveals that the Mulliken charges of Al (1.040) partially neutralize the Mulliken charges of K (-2.187), reducing electrostatic repulsion and promoting localized bonding. Furthermore, the incorporation of Al can restrain the precipitation of brittle Z-phase, further contributing to improved oxidation performance.

Within the transition process of urban rail transit system, challenges of high energy consumption, increasing carbon emissions, limited economic viability, and intricate risks emerge as significant hurdles. This paper proposes a novel energy utilization framework for urban rail transit system incorporating underground energy storage systems characterized by high resilience and low carbon. Firstly, existing methods are comprehensively reviewed. Then, the integrated framework is introduced, which effectively utilizes and manages diverse renewable energy sources and the available space resources. The viability is demonstrated through a case study by combining Nanjing Metro. Finally, the suggestions research in pivotal areas are summarized.

The protective effectiveness of environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) for SiC-based composites is challenged by the thickening and phase transformation of the SiO₂ scale, known as thermally grown oxide (TGO). In this study, a tri-layered TGOs scale, comprising cristobalite, Hf-doped SiO₂ glass, and particle-reinforced Hf-Si-O glass, was formed during the oxidation of MoSi₂/HfO₂ duplex EBCs. The incorporation of the gradient Hf-doping and HfO₂/HfSiO₄ particle-reinforcement were demonstrated to effectively suppress the crystallization and phase transition of the SiO₂ and mitigate internal stress within the EBCs, generating a crack-blocking effect. This effect prevented the TGOs scale from further channel crack propagation, enabled the SiC substrate with no detectable corrosion after 200 h of exposure at 1500 °C in steam, even when the TGOs thickness reached 24.5 μm. This work presents a novel strategy to simultaneously extend the service lifetime and enhance the high-temperature capability of EBCs through the tailored design of TGOs composition and structure.

This research article focuses on the taxonomic contributions of Pleosporales and Kirschsteiniotheliales from the Xizang Autonomous Region, China. The study identifies ten new taxa of microfungi, including a new genus and nine new species, based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses. It details the methods used for collection, fungal isolation, morphology, DNA extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses. The results section provides detailed descriptions of the identified species, including their morphological characteristics, culture characteristics, and phylogenetic relationships. The discussion section highlights the significance of the Xizang Autonomous Region as a hotspot for fungal biodiversity and discusses the taxonomic placement and characteristics of the identified fungi.