Teacher emotion recognition (TER) is crucial for classroom dynamics, yet limited by scarce multimodal data and feature modeling. We present a multimodal TER dataset with 102 lessons and 2,170 video segments, annotated with interaction-based emotional tags. We propose an Emotion Dual-Space Network (EDSN) with a Commonality Space (ECSC) using central moment differences to align modalities, and a Discrimination Space (EDSC) using gradient reversal and orthogonal projection to extract unique features. EDSN achieves 77.0% accuracy and 0.769 F1-score on the dataset, outperforming state-of-the-art models, demonstrating its effectiveness in educational emotion recognition. 

This study determined cryo-EM structures of midnolin-proteasome complexes, providing mechanistic insights to midnolin-catalyzed substrate degradation. Based on structural and mechanistic understanding, authors have engineered the midnolin system for targeted degradation of desired substrates, and provide the first proof-of-principle for degrading a non-native therapeutically high-profile target that is otherwise undruggable.

Mitochondrial DNA mutations cause muscle cells to struggle with energy production, forcing them to rely more on glycolysis and produce excess lactate. Far from being just a waste product, lactate acts as a signal that changes how genes work. Recently, researchers from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University have found that lactate modifies histones in muscle, turning on the stress-response factor GDF15. This work has been published in Science Bulletin, and the new discovery reveals how lactate helps muscles adapt to mitochondrial stress and points to new directions for treating mitochondrial diseases.

Advancements in molecular characterization technologies have accelerated targeted cancer therapy research at unprecedented resolution and dimensionality. Integrating comprehensive multi-omic molecular profiling of a tumor, proteogenomics, marks a transformative milestone for preclinical cancer research. In this paper, we initially provided an overview of proteogenomics in cancer research, spanning genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. Subsequently, the applications were introduced and examined from different perspectives, including but not limited to genetic alterations, molecular quantifications, single-cell patterns, different post-translational modification levels, subtype signatures, and immune landscape. We also paid attention to the combined multi-omics data analysis and pan-cancer analysis. This paper highlights the crucial role of proteogenomics in preclinical targeted cancer therapy research, including but not limited to elucidating the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, discovering effective therapeutic targets and promising biomarkers, and developing subtype-specific therapies.

The reticular architecture of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) enables not only systematic but also creative tuning of their functionalities. A recent study involving forty structurally related MOFs demonstrated how to precisely integrate and regulate two types of electrochromic cores within the MOF architectures through mild linker modifications and straightforward crystal engineering. The underlying logic is reminiscent of a conventional color palette—yet elevated to molecular-level precision, offering promising prospects for future electronic applications.

Sepsis, a leading cause of global mortality, requires prompt and accurate antibiotic administration. Proper dosing ensures therapeutic success while reducing the likelihood of adverse effects. Despite this, standardized treatment approaches frequently disregard sex and gender differences that shape pharmacological responses. This editorial article underscores the significance of these variables and advocates revising clinical guidelines to integrate sex- and gender-specific considerations into antimicrobial therapy and decision-making.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most severe form of DNA damage, primarily repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. A critical step in this process is DNA synapsis, where the two broken ends are brought together to facilitate timely repair. Deficiencies in NHEJ synapsis can lead to improper DNA end configurations, potentially resulting in chromosomal translocations. NHEJ synapsis is a highly dynamic, multi-protein mediated assembly process. Recent advances in single-molecule techniques have led to significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms driving NHEJ synapsis. In this review, we summarize single-molecule methods developed for studying NHEJ synapsis, with a particular focus on the single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) technique. We discuss the various molecular mechanisms of NHEJ synapsis uncovered through these studies and explore the coupling between synapsis and other steps in NHEJ. Additionally, we highlight the strategies, limitations, and future directions for single-molecule studies of NHEJ synapsis.