Postnatal growth retardation (PGR) has a high incidence during early postnatal development of piglets and humans, inducing long-term impacts on development and a higher risk for adulthood metabolic syndromes. However, the mechanism of PGR remains unclear. Gut microbiota is crucial in early-life development in humans and animals, but microbiome-induced host growth retardation remains incomplete. Here, researchers from Hunan Agricultural University found that hindgut-enriched Methanobrevibacter smithii compromises the weight gain in the pig PGR model. This finding provides new insight into the contributions of abnormal microbiota to growth retardation.

Fatty liver disease, hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and other major liver diseases are significant global public health challenges. Understanding what drives these diseases and exploring targeted therapies is of critical importance. Recently, in the journal Science China Life Sciences, a team from Shandong Second Medical University in collaboration with Shanghai Jiao Tong University published an online review titled "Deubiquitinases in liver diseases: from mechanisms to targeted therapy". This review systematically elucidates the central roles and therapeutic advances related to deubiquitinases (DUBs) in various liver diseases.

Researchers developed a new, symmetry-consistent way to describe CP-violating neutral triple gauge couplings, correcting problems in the conventional approach since 1999. Using systematic simulations of the e⁺e⁻ → Zγ process, they demonstrated that CP-violating effects have distinctive angular distributions in the Z-boson decay. With optimized observables and polarized beams, the proposed colliders can probe new physics at the multi-TeV scale, offering a powerful indirect window beyond the Standard Model.

Artificial intelligence is reshaping brain modeling. This review introduces a unified framework where AI functions as a surrogate brain by integrating dynamical modeling, inverse problem solving, and model evaluation. Trained on neural data, surrogate brains can accurately predict large-scale brain activity and support system analysis, virtual experiments, and model-guided neurostimulation.

A research team has conducted an extensive study to explore the key factors affecting coffee production in the Gedeo Zone of southern Ethiopia.

Anthocyanins are essential plant pigments that determine fruit coloration and contribute to stress protection and human nutrition. 

Professor Yongzhe Wun's team at East China University of Science and Technology significantly improved the interfacial contact and mechanical stability of inverted perovskite solar cells by constructing triphenylamine-based co-assembled hole transport monolayers. This work addressed key issues such as poor interfacial wettability and insufficient mechanical stability of traditional carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (e.g., Me-4PACz) in inverted perovskite solar cells. They designed and synthesized a series of multi-legged triphenylamine derivatives (TPA-nCPA) containing cyanoethylphosphonic acid anchoring groups and innovatively proposed a co-assembly strategy with Me-4PACz. Rigid devices fabricated based on this strategy achieved an excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency of 26.27%, while flexible devices achieved an efficiency of 22.38%. Furthermore, after 5000 cycles at a 5mm bending radius, they maintained 90% of their initial efficiency, demonstrating outstanding mechanical stability. The article was published as an open access research article in CCS Chemistry, the flagship journal of the Chinese Chemical Society.

Plant based molecules found in everyday foods and herbs could help rescue older antibiotics from rising drug resistance, according to a new study that points to a simple way to boost the power of existing medicines against tough Escherichia coli infections.​