Being able to make real-time predictions of sea ice extent has become crucial for monitoring sea ice health, and in Chaos, researchers report accurate, real-time predictions of SIE in Arctic regions. The researchers’ approach treats sea ice evolution as a set of atmospheric and oceanic factors that oscillate at different rates while still interacting with one another. They used the National Snow and Ice Data Center’s average daily SIE measurements from 1978 onward to find the relationships between these factors that affect sea ice.

A reconstruction of temperature in Colombia during the Pliocene, when CO2 levels were similar to today, suggests that parts of the tropics might soon experience more dramatic warming than previously expected.

More than 2500 plant species have the potential to invade the Arctic at the expense of the species that belong there. Norway is one of the areas that is particularly at risk.

Deep learning is increasingly being used to emulate cloud and convection processes in climate models, offering a faster alternative to computationally intensive cloud-resolving simulations. However, because these processes unfold at kilometre scales or smaller — far below the resolution of global climate models — hybrid AI–physics approaches often become unstable when run over long time horizons. Researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS)’s College of Design and Engineering (CDE), in collaboration with Tsinghua University, NVIDIA and the Centre for Climate Research Singapore, have traced a key instability to a moisture imbalance during condensation. They developed CondensNet, an adaptive, physics-constrained neural-network that can correct physically inconsistent behaviour. Integrated into a global climate model, it enables stable, accurate long-term simulations while running far faster than cloud-resolving approaches.

A sediment record millions of years old revealed that the tropical Andes heated up dramatically when atmospheric CO2 levels were similar to today’s.

The Chicago Botanic Garden and The Morton Arboretum are pledging to safeguard threatened tree and plant species across continents as part of Reverse the Red Day, held annually worldwide on Feb. 7 to celebrate conservation success.

Contrary to expectations, wetlands do not need to be completely flooded to provide the greatest climate benefit. Instead, the water table should be below the soil surface and remain stable, according to a new study from the University of Copenhagen. The greenhouse gas methane and microorganisms in the soil are a game changer.

Low algal growth despite high iron supply: A new study in Nature Geoscience uncovers a surprising link between West Antarctic Ice Sheet retreat and the growth of marine algae over the past 500,000 years. The team's findings suggest that global warming could potentially result in a reduced uptake of carbon dioxide in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, which is considered unstable, continues to shrink.