Traditional educational systems focused on prescribed, curriculum-defined courses of study impose societal expectations and limit student autonomy and personalized learning. To propose radical transformation to current educational systems, a team of researchers conducted an ecological analysis. Their proposed ‘school within a school’ approach can aid the utilization of artificial intelligence tools in education and equip students to face the challenges of the modern age.

Neurite outgrowth and synapse formation constitute the cellular basis for the establishment and plasticity of neural networks, crucially involved in cognitive functions. However, the techniques currently available to effectively and specifically modulate these processes remain limited. In this work, we propose a non-drug and non-thermal terahertz (THz) photon modulation approach that enhances neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. Our results suggest THz photon stimulation as an effective and specific method for neuromodulation, promising for future applications in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.

A research team from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences uncovered that syn-CH₃CHOO's reaction with atmospheric water vapor is approximately 100 times faster than previously predicted by theoretical models.

In recent years, with the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the endurance and energy density of lithium batteries have been significantly improved. However, this advancement has correspondingly increased the risks associated with battery failures. Consequently, implementing safety failure analysis and early warning mechanisms for lithium batteries has become critically important. Conducting dynamic analysis of the entire lifecycle process – including encapsulation, electrolyte filling, charging/discharging, and damage – can effectively guide battery manufacturing and usage practices, thereby advancing next-generation battery development.

Current battery health monitoring methodologies encompass solutions such as radiography, thermal imaging, ultrasonic testing, and internal stress detection. Among these, ultrasound technology stands out as an exceptionally suitable "CT" imaging tool for lithium batteries due to its superior penetration capability, rapid response speed, high spatial resolution, and real-time monitoring capacity, which enable distinct responses to various internal evolution processes. Notably, fiber-optic ultrasound solutions, in particular, offer miniaturization, high sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depth, positioning them as a promising technology for battery diagnostics.

A research team from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), has developed a machine learning (ML) model enhanced with expert knowledge to classify eight types of faults in superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities at the China Accelerator Facility for superheavy Elements (CAFE2) facility. This model helps operators quickly identify fault patterns after incidents, speeding recovery and supporting long-term stable SRF accelerator operation.

A recent study reveals that dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a compound already approved for other inflammatory diseases, can prevent and alleviate periodontal tissue damage. 

Large language models (LLMs) are at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) and have been widely used for conversational interactions. However, assessing the personality of a given LLM remains a significant challenge. A research team at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) has developed an AI-driven assessment system, the Language Model Linguistic Personality Assessment (LMLPA), with capabilities to quantitatively measure the personality traits of LLMs through linguistic analysis.