News from China
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 22-Dec-2025 11:11 ET (22-Dec-2025 16:11 GMT/UTC)
A national study on anticoagulant use for recurrent spontaneous abortion in China
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterIn this study, we aimed to identify trends in anticoagulant usage among patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), assess the appropriateness of these prescriptions, and provide recommendations for future clinical practice.
- Journal
- Reproductive and Developmental Medicine
Commercial compact fusion triggered REBCO tape industry: Pulsed laser deposition technology opportunities and challenges
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterPeer-Reviewed Publication
The rapid rise of commercial compact fusion devices has triggered fast-growing demand for high-temperature superconducting tapes, creating a major opportunity for the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape industry. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has been extensively applied for fabrication of heteroepitaxial HTS wires or tapes based on REBCO-type superconductor, also referred to as, coated conductors (CCs). A combination of multi-plume, multi-turn deposition technique and use of high-power excimer lasers has enabled and accelerated the industrialization of REBCO coated conductors. Currently, the annual production of top-tier PLD-based, HTS-wire manufacturers exceeds 3,000 km-12 mm, contributing to over half of the total global HTS wire production. PLD-REBCO tapes have demonstrated excellent in-field performance (Ic> 200 A-4 mm @20K, 20T, B//c) and competitive pricing (~$20/m). PLD technology continues to evolve, demonstrating strong competitive advantages. However, challenges remain in further cost reduction, process stability, and increasing efficiency of raw material utilization. AI-based data mining and tackling emerging fundamental issues are seen as potential solutions to further improve stability and performance.
- Journal
- Superconductivity
High performance multifactorial designs based on a refined analytical method for HTS maglev systems
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterPeer-Reviewed Publication
YBa2Cu3O7-δ high-temperature superconductors (HTS) exhibit remarkable passive levitation over permanent magnet guideways (PMG), but the strong nonlinearity poses significant challenges for developing analytical models for HTS maglev systems. This paper presents a refined analytical method for calculating the electromagnetic force in such systems. The method incorporates critical factors, including the complex properties of the superconductors, the Halbach PMG geometry, and various operation conditions. The derived analytical expressions explicitly reveal the interplay between system parameters and levitation performance. Experimental and numerical validation confirms the model’s high prediction accuracy in magnetic fields, levitation and guidance forces. A sensitivity analysis further identifies the most influential parameters such as thickness of the magnet, levitation height, Halbach wavelength. Moreover, this paper calculates and provides the recommended structural parameters for both rare-earth and rare-earth-free PMG. The potential of HTS maglev systems for heavy-haul applications is explored, demonstrating the capability to achieve significant levitation force (about 50 ton/m) under constrained geometric conditions. This work provides critical insights for minimizing permanent magnet consumption in HTS maglev systems and circumventing rare-earth material constraints.
- Journal
- Superconductivity
A hierarchical short microneedle‑cupping dual‑amplified patch enables accelerated, uniform, pain‑free transdermal delivery of extracellular vesicles
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterPeer-Reviewed Publication
Microneedles (MNs) have been extensively investigated for transdermal delivery of large-sized drugs, including proteins, nucleic acids, and even extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, for their sufficient skin penetration, conventional MNs employ long needles (≥ 600 μm), leading to pain and skin irritation. Moreover, it is critical to stably apply MNs against complex skin surfaces for uniform nanoscale drug delivery. Herein, a dually amplified transdermal patch (MN@EV/SC) is developed as the stem cell-derived EV delivery platform by hierarchically integrating an octopus-inspired suction cup (SC) with short MNs (≤ 300 μm). While leveraging the suction effect to induce nanoscale deformation of the stratum corneum, MN@EV/SC minimizes skin damage and enhances the adhesion of MNs, allowing EV to penetrate deeper into the dermis. When MNs of various lengths are applied to mouse skin, the short MNs can elicit comparable corticosterone release to chemical adhesives, whereas long MNs induce a prompt stress response. MN@EV/SC can achieve a remarkable penetration depth (290 µm) for EV, compared to that of MN alone (111 µm). Consequently, MN@EV/SC facilitates the revitalization of fibroblasts and enhances collagen synthesis in middle-aged mice. Overall, MN@EV/SC exhibits the potential for skin regeneration by modulating the dermal microenvironment and ensuring patient comfort.
- Journal
- Nano-Micro Letters
Optimizing exciton and charge‑carrier behavior in thick‑film organic photovoltaics: a comprehensive review
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterPeer-Reviewed Publication
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have achieved remarkable progress, with laboratory-scale single-junction devices now demonstrating power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 20%. However, these efficiencies are highly dependent on the thickness of the photoactive layer, which is typically around 100 nm. This sensitivity poses a challenge for industrial-scale fabrication. Achieving high PCEs in thick-film OPVs is therefore essential. This review systematically examines recent advancements in thick-film OPVs, focusing on the fundamental mechanisms that lead to efficiency loss and strategies to enhance performance. We provide a comprehensive analysis spanning the complete photovoltaic process chain: from initial exciton generation and diffusion dynamics, through dissociation mechanisms, to subsequent charge-carrier transport, balance optimization, and final collection efficiency. Particular emphasis is placed on cutting-edge solutions in molecular engineering and device architecture optimization. By synthesizing these interdisciplinary approaches and investigating the potential contributions in stability, cost, and machine learning aspects, this work establishes comprehensive guidelines for designing high-performance OPVs devices with minimal thickness dependence, ultimately aiming to bridge the gap between laboratory achievements and industrial manufacturing requirements.
- Journal
- Nano-Micro Letters
FastTrack: Ion diffusivity calculation made easy
Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryPeer-Reviewed Publication
A research team from the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed FastTrack, a new machine learning-based framework dedicated to evaluate ion migration barriers in crystalline solids. By combining machine learning force field (MLFFs) with three-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) sampling and interpolation, FastTrack enables accurate prediction of atomic migration barriers within mere minutes. Unlike traditional methods such as density functional theory (DFT) and nudged elastic band (NEB), which can take hours or days per calculation. FastTrack offers a speedup of over 100 times without sacrificing accuracy, closely matching experimental and quantum-mechanical benchmarks. This powerful tool automatically identifies diffusion pathways, visualizes energy landscapes, and provides detailed microscopic insights into ion migration mechanisms, crucial for designing more efficient batteries, fuel cells, and other energy storage and conversion devices.
Adherence to UK Physical Activity Guidelines benefits heart and builds muscles of older adults
Shanghai Jiao Tong University Journal CenterPeer-Reviewed Publication
- Journal
- Translational Exercise Biomedicine
Ultra-low photodamage three-photon microscopy assisted by MSAD-net: enabling high-fidelity in vivo monitoring of muscle regeneration via deep learning
Chinese Society for Optical EngineeringPeer-Reviewed Publication
Skeletal muscle regeneration research is hindered by the "photodamage-imaging quality" trade-off in three-photon microscopy (3PM). A team from Zhejiang University developed the Multi-Scale Attention Denoising Network (MSAD-Net) to address this: combining MSAD-Net with 3PM reduces excitation power to 1.0–1.5 mW (1/4–1/2 of conventional levels) and scanning time to 2–3 μs/pixel (1/6–1/4 of standard), while maintaining 0.9932 SSIM and real-time denoising (80ms/frame). The system enables five-channel deep in vivo imaging of mouse muscle, uncovering key roles of macrophages and blood vessels in muscle stem cell-mediated repair.
- Journal
- PhotoniX
- Funder
- National Key R&D Program of China, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Development Fund for Regenerative Medicine, Zheiiang University, National Natural Science Foundation of China
Genetic architecture of condensed tannins accumulated in wheat grains unveiled
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Peer-Reviewed Publication
Proanthocyanidins, also known as condensed tannins, are a class of flavonoid polymers with multiple health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-tumor, and eye-protective effects. Now, researchers have discovered that the TaMYB10 gene controls the presence or absence of condensed tannins in wheat grains. Their findings reveal that TaMYB10 directly activates the expression of core flavonoid pathway genes CHS and DFR, initiating condensed tannin synthesis.
- Journal
- The Crop Journal