Researchers investigated the population characteristics of two hybrid crucian carp strains based on one nuclear gene molecular marker, Transferrin (Tf). Interestingly, the nucleotide diversity of Tf alleles in cultured populations exceeded that of wild populations, and the network and genetic structure analyses failed to distinguish between wild and cultured populations. Additionally, AMOVA analysis indicated genetic differentiation among all six populations, the majority of the genetic variation (92.00%) was observed within populations. These findings providing an alternative perspective for germplasm evaluation of hybrid varieties and crucian carp breeding.

This study presents a novel approach utilizing the concentration gradient of thiourea dissociation products to synthesize a CdNCN-CdS composite photocatalyst with an atomic-level heterostructure (NCN-Cd-S). The strong electron affinity of CdNCN and efficient electron transfer at the interface enhance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, achieving a record-high rate of 14.7 mmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹ under visible light, surpassing other CdS-based composites.

The team proposed a Byzantine-Resilient and Verifiable Aggregation for Differentially Private Federated Learning based on three proposed primary methods that demonstrate a great compatibility.

Neuroblastoma (NB), the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor in children, poses a significant therapeutic challenge due to its metastasis and high heterogeneity. A recent study leveraging single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has uncovered vital molecular mechanisms underlying NB's progression and metastasis, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets. The research analyzed primary tumors and matched metastases from NB patients, revealing a 'starter' subpopulation of tumor cells responsible for initiating metastasis. By applying various analytical approaches, including evolutionary trajectory analysis and cell-state differentiation prediction, the study delineated the transcriptional landscape of NB and identified a signature associated with poor prognosis.

A research team led by Prof. JIANG Hailong, Prof. LUO Yi, and Prof. JIANG Jun from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) discovered a metal-organic framework (MOF) that suppress charge recombination, which is a major challenge in photocatalytic overall water splitting.

This review begins by introducing the development history of optical neural networks (ONNs) and the mathematical models of optical artificial neurons. It explores the differences in constructing ONNs using various optical components. Next, it presents recent key research on both non-integrated and integrated ONNs. Finally, the review analyzes the performance of different ONN types in terms of computing capacity, integration, reconfigurability, nonlinearity, etc. It also discusses the challenges various ONNs may face in future development.

A research team has successfully sequenced and assembled the genomes of all four Macadamia species, marking a significant advance in crop improvement efforts for this commercially valuable nut.

A research team showcases the application of deep learning models in identifying leaf diseases in key tropical crops such as coconut, mango, and durian, offering crucial insights for the future of precision agriculture.