Liver failure due to viral infection affects the wellbeing of many neonates, but the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. In this study, we analyzed a neonatal liver failure model by utilizing intraperitoneal injection of rhesus rotavirus (RRV) into newborn BALB/c mice. Through single-cell RNA sequencing, we revealed an altered developmental trajectory of neutrophils in infected mice, accompanied by significant upregulation of phosphodiesterase (Pde4b). We showed that dipyridamole-mediated inhibition of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) restored the differentiation trajectory of neutrophils by suppressing their activation, promoting apoptosis, and facilitating clearance. In addition, dipyridamole also suppressed the activation of autoreactive B cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes, which collectively ameliorated liver pathology and improved neonatal survival following RRV infection. In summary, we demonstrate that inhibition of PDE signaling alleviates liver failure in murine models of neonatal rotavirus infection, thereby revealing a candidate strategy to treat rotavirus-associated diseases in neonates.

Soil salinization is a growing global problem that threatens crop productivity. 

Chronic stress fuels cancer by releasing stress mediators that remodel the tumor and stromal cells, promoting immune evasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. A review in Science Bulletin underscores how blocking this signaling could improve outcomes and proposes stress management as a potential component of precision oncology.

Analysis revealed that ignition occurred during the development stage of the thunderstorm—not the mature stage as traditionally thought. The lightning frequency and intensity were lower in this phase, but the discharge characteristics were unique.