Conventional CAR-T therapy requires collecting T cells, genetically modifying them in the laboratory, and reinfusing the engineered cells—a process that takes weeks and costs lots of money. A new review systematically examines in vivo CAR-T approaches that perform this entire reprogramming process inside the patient's body using targeted delivery systems. The article analyzes delivery platforms, evaluates clinical translation progress, and discusses strategies for overcoming key challenges, including off-target effects, immunogenicity, and T cell exhaustion.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are tissue-resident immune cells that lack antigen-specific receptors but express abundant receptors for neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, positioning them as critical cellular interfaces in neural–immune crosstalk. A new review systematically examines the molecular mechanisms of ILC2-mediated neuro-immune interactions, tissue-specific regulatory networks, and emerging functions within the central nervous system, while also exploring translational opportunities for targeting this axis in allergic diseases, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders.  

A large prospective real-world study in China has confirmed that first-line osimertinib provides substantial clinical benefit to patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including those who would have been excluded from pivotal clinical trials.

Returning crop straw to farmland is widely used to recycle nutrients and improve soil quality. But new research shows that the way straw is returned to soil can strongly influence how effectively it limits emissions of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas.

Activated carbon and biochar are widely studied for removing pollutants from water, but new research suggests that the materials doing the cleaning may also create an overlooked transport pathway for contaminants.

Over nearly five decades, biomolecular simulation techniques have become indispensable tools for uncovering fundamental principles governing life at molecular scale. These computational approaches enable quantitative characterization of complex biomolecular events including protein folding, conformational dynamics and protein‑protein interactions, and have greatly advanced both fundamental and applied biological research. In recent years, the integration of machine learning, especially deep‑learning algorithms, has sparked substantial innovation within this field.

 

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is secreted by intestinal L cells in response to postprandial glucose, yet how glucose triggers this secretion has remained unclear. Here, the authors show that glucose itself acts as a ligand for glucokinase (GK), independent of its metabolism. Glucose-bound GK directly interacts with and inhibits K_ATP channels, leading to membrane depolarization and GLP-1 release without any increase in intracellular ATP. This mechanism is distinct from the classical ATP-dependent model and is validated by GK mutations found in MODY2 patients. The study also reveals that SGLT1 mediates basal GLP-1 secretion at low glucose, while the GK-K_ATP axis drives the postprandial response at high glucose. These findings redefine glucose as a signaling molecule and GK as its receptor, offering new therapeutic avenues for diabetes and obesity.