The structure of gas and dust resembles a glowing diamond ring / Computer simulations and observations made on board the 'flying observatory' SOFIA are now able to explain the special shape

By coupling cryogenic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (cryo-XPs) with argon gas cluster ion beam (GCIB)sputtering, Prof. FU Qiang's team enables depth-resolved analysis of the vitrified solid electrolyte interphaseunder electrolyte conditions in Li metal batteries without inducing chemical damage.

Milestone results released by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) on November 16 have solved a decades-old mystery about the cosmic ray energy spectrum—which shows a sharp decrease in cosmic rays above 3 PeV, giving it an unusual knee-like shape.

Researchers have successfully simulated the 100 billions stars of the Milky Way. This feat was accomplished by combining artificial intelligence (AI) with numerical simulations. This is 100 times better than previous attempts and took 100 times less time to produce. The same process can be used to model other phenomenon such as climate change and weather patterns. the study was led by Keiya Hirashima at the RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) in Japan.

With the advancement of Internet applications, the global demand for broadband satellite communication services is incessantly escalating. Furthermore, there exists an exponential surge in the requisition for the capacity of satellite communication systems. In response to this evolving demand, the domain of satellite communication technology is progressively evolving toward the realm of high-throughput satellite (HTS) communication systems. The typical technical characteristics of HTS are: (a) the satellite adopts multibeam technology for beam overlapping coverage of the service area, which improves the quality of the wireless link while realizing the spatial dimension segmentation; (b) based on this, the system adopts multiple frequency multiplexing to improve the communication capacity of a single satellite; (c) gateway stations are tightly coupled with user beam clusters to complete two-hop communication, which makes multiple gateway stations share the communication resources of the same satellite, forming a spatial isolation of the gateway stations, and once again realizing the frequency multiplexing of the gateway station links. A key requirement for future multibeam broadband satellite communication systems is the ability to flexibly adjust beam capacity according to changes in business distribution, in order to meet time-varying business requirements. Beam hopping technology provides an efficient solution to achieve the efficient use of frequency resources and power resources. At the same time, the use of beam hopping makes the beam hopping of satellite payload need to match the business signals of ground signal stations, bringing about the need for synchronization of beam hopping between satellite and ground.

Argonne National Laboratory researchers have been nominated for the Gordon Bell Prize in supercomputing for conducting the largest-ever simulation of the universe using the Frontier supercomputer. The achievement sets a new benchmark for simulating the universe, enabling scientists to study atomic matter and dark matter simultaneously. The simulations tracked 4 trillion particles, represented across 15 billion light-years of space — delivering a 15-fold leap in capability over the previous state-of-the-art simulations.