The explosive growth of electric vehicles, renewable energy integration, and large-scale energy storage systems has placed lithium-ion batteries at the heart of the global transition to sustainable energy. Ensuring their safe, efficient, and long-lasting performance demands sophisticated battery management systems capable of continuously tracking critical states such as state of charge, state of health, aging, and potential faults. While conventional monitoring relies on temperature sensors, voltage-current profiling, ultrasonic probes, or embedded optical fibers, these methods often provide limited multidimensional insights, incur high implementation costs, or struggle with real-time applicability in operational environments. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy stands out as a particularly powerful technique, offering rich, frequency-dependent information about internal electrochemical processes that reflect battery dynamics under varying conditions. However, traditional EIS measurements using dedicated electrochemical workstations remain confined to laboratory settings due to their expense, bulk, and lack of online capability.

In a rat model of chronic heart failure, Xijiaqi Formula improved cardiac indices and rescued learning/memory deficits while suppressing glial activation and enhancing synaptic plasticity markers via a PDE4-centered cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.

Congenital heart defects (CHD) represent the most common congenital malformations globally and constitute a leading cause of neonatal mortality, with early maternal risk factors playing significant roles in their development. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis by Zihan Suo and colleagues investigated the relationships between various maternal factors during the first trimester and the risk of CHD in offspring, providing robust evidence for public health strategies aimed at reducing CHD incidence. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023476855), ensuring methodological transparency and rigor.

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating deeper insights into its molecular underpinnings beyond genetic predisposition. Epigenetic modifications, particularly methylation changes affecting DNA, proteins, and RNA, have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression implicated in cardiac pathophysiology. These heritable yet reversible chemical alterations govern chromatin architecture, transcriptional activity, and post-transcriptional processing without changing underlying nucleotide sequences. Within the spectrum of cardiovascular pathology—including ischemic heart disease, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and atherosclerosis—dysregulated methylation patterns contribute substantially to disease initiation, progression, and phenotypic manifestation. Understanding the distinct and convergent roles of these three major methylation modalities offers promising avenues for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapeutic interventions that could transform precision medicine in cardiology.