Deep-brain imaging in mammalian brains has been limited, because reaching greater depths typically requires more laser power, which can cause overheating and damage living brain tissue. By systematically redesigning every aspect of a microscopy platform, from how laser pulses are generated to how light is focused, researchers can now image activity of neurons 2 millimeters below the mouse brain's surface while remaining within safe heating limits. The advance opens deep brain regions, such as the entire hippocampus and striatum, to optical imaging without removing the overlying cortex.

The new tool recognizes bacterial DNA in tiny genetic fragments, making it faster and easier to study the complex communities living in soil.

This study reviews the use of 3D printing in orthodontics, with the focus mainly on future implications given current information. Sustainability in materials and processes is a major component, as the workflow streamlined by the 3D printing process and artificial intelligence may prove to be negated depending on a few components. The volume in manufacturing, appliance type and the necessary improvements needed in materials and material efficiency will be determining factors for the method’s sustainability and future clinical usage.