A new study led by researchers at the University of Hawai‘i (UH) at Mānoa published today in Nature Communications is the first of its kind to show that waste discharged from deep-sea mining operations in the Pacific’s biodiverse Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) could disrupt marine life in the midwater “twilight zone” — a vital region 200-1,500 meters below sea level that supports vast communities of zooplankton, tiny animals that serve as the ocean’s basic food building blocks. Specifically, it finds that 53% of all zooplankton and 60% of micronekton, which feed on zooplankton, would be impacted by the discharge, which could ultimately impact predators higher up on the food web.  

Pterosaur is the first group of vertebrates with powered flight. It originated in the Late Triassic and became extinct with dinosaurs (excluding birds) at the end of the Cretaceous. Various diets of pterosaurs were proposed using different interpretations, such as content fossils and comparative anatomy. However, the understanding of the diets of many pterosaurs have still been on debate, which is mainly because of the rarity of stomach content found in pterosaurs. In this paper, the researchers found an elliptical content in the stomach position of a Sinopterus specimen. They extracted more than 300 phytoliths from the stomach content but none from the matrix of the same specimen. This demonstrates that these phytoliths, firstly appeared in pterosaurs, were eaten by this Sinopterus rather than any pollution after its death. Phytolith is a microstructure produced by all kinds of plants, and it varies among different plants and different positions of the same individual. Besides the phytoliths, many gastroliths (stones within the body cavity) were also discovered in the stomach content, which is the second pterosaur specimen with gastroliths. The combination of phytoliths and gastroliths, without any bones, scales or exoskeletons, strongly suggest that Sinopterus is herbivorous.

Researchers at Miguel Hernández University (UMH) in Spain have successfully tested a new generation of visual neuroprosthesis capable of bidirectional communication with the cerebral cortex, enabling a more natural and functional artificial vision. This technology, developed at the UMH (Spain), represents a crucial step toward achieving more natural and functional artificial vision, holding immense potential to improve the quality of life, mobility, and autonomy of people who are blind.

Shanghai Jiao Tong University researchers have developed a data-driven method to recognize the coordinated intentions of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms.

By combining a simplified flight motion model with an artificial neural network, the approach can predict swarm behavior early and accurately—advancing aerial surveillance and autonomous defense systems.

The innovation features of this research are: Treating a UAV swarm as a single intelligent entity and combining the Dubins motion model with an artificial neural network to achieve early and highly accurate intention recognition of coordinated swarm behaviors.