Two SUNY Potsdam geoscientists have been awarded a National Science Foundation grant to investigate the chemistry of ancient waters preserved in sedimentary rocks across Atlantic Canada, research that could shed new light on the evolution of life on land and the distribution of energy and mineral resources. 

Vaccines protect most people from serious illness, but the strength of that protection can vary considerably from one person to another. Some people produce a robust immune response, while others respond only weakly.

A new study led by Arizona State University helps us understand why. Before a vaccine ever enters your body, your immune system may already hold clues to how strongly it will respond.

In blood samples from more than 4,000 people, ASU researchers and their colleagues measured antibodies against 185 antigens—targets recognized by the immune system, including those from common viruses and bacteria as well as targets associated with autoimmune diseases. 

They then used artificial intelligence to analyze patterns in samples collected before and after COVID-19 vaccination, identifying antibody signatures that helped distinguish strong vaccine responders from weak ones.

The research opens a possible path toward more personalized vaccination strategies.

Cancer diagnoses directly affect treatment decisions and prognosis and can even have life-altering consequences. Traditional pathological diagnosis primarily relies on pathologists examining and analysing tissue slides under a microscope and making judgements based on their professional experience. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology diagnosis (pathology AI) has advanced rapidly, helping to improve diagnostic efficiency and support clinical decision-making. However, many existing AI models still lack a complete and verifiable mechanism to ensure the reliability of diagnostic outcomes, limiting the application of such technology in high-stakes clinical settings.

A study from Japan finds that how educators frame environmental ethics can shape learning outcomes. Surveying students across 21 elementary schools, researchers found they responded more strongly, at least in the short term, when nature was framed around what it does for them rather than around its value in itself. The researchers hope the finding will encourage educators to think as carefully about how ethics are framed as they do about what content to teach.