Skeletal muscle regeneration research is hindered by the "photodamage-imaging quality" trade-off in three-photon microscopy (3PM). A team from Zhejiang University developed the Multi-Scale Attention Denoising Network (MSAD-Net) to address this: combining MSAD-Net with 3PM reduces excitation power to 1.0–1.5 mW (1/4–1/2 of conventional levels) and scanning time to 2–3 μs/pixel (1/6–1/4 of standard), while maintaining 0.9932 SSIM and real-time denoising (80ms/frame). The system enables five-channel deep in vivo imaging of mouse muscle, uncovering key roles of macrophages and blood vessels in muscle stem cell-mediated repair.

On Mars, dust devils and winds reach speeds of up to 160 km/h and are therefore faster than previously assumed: This shows a study by an international research team led by the University of Bern. The researchers analyzed images taken by the Bernese Mars camera CaSSIS and the stereo camera HRSC with the help of machine learning. The study provides a valuable data basis for a better understanding of atmospheric dynamics, which is important for better climate models and future Mars missions.

Combing through 20 years of images from the European Space Agency’s Mars Express and ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter spacecraft, scientists have tracked 1039 tornado-like whirlwinds to reveal how dust is lifted into the air and swept around Mars’s surface.

Published today in Science Advances, their findings – including that the strongest winds on Mars blow much faster than we thought – give us a much clearer picture of the Red Planet’s weather and climate.

And with these ‘dust devils’ collected into a single public catalogue, this research is just the beginning. Besides pure science, it will be useful for planning future missions, for example incorporating provisions for the irksome dust that settles on the solar panels of our robotic rovers.