Welcome to In the Spotlight, where each month we shine a light on something exciting, timely, or simply fascinating from the world of science.
This month, we’re focusing on artificial intelligence (AI), a topic that continues to capture attention everywhere. Here, you’ll find the latest research news, insights, and discoveries shaping how AI is being developed and used across the world.
Latest News Releases
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 14-May-2026 23:16 ET (15-May-2026 03:16 GMT/UTC)
AI enabled launch vehicles: Next potential disruptive technology after reusability
SciOpenPeer-Reviewed Publication
In the era of global space industry's rapid expansion, reusable launch technology addresses cost reduction, but achieving high launch cadence and flight reliability remains critical. This study published in the Chinese Journal of Aeronautics (Volume 38, Issue 10, October 2025, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2025.103756), proposes that artificial intelligence (AI) would be the potential disruptive technology to solve these challenges. AI enables transformative capabilities for launch vehicles are pointed out in four domains: Agile launch operations enabling automate testing, fault diagnosis, and decision-making for targeting hour-level launch cycles and minute-level fault resolution; High-reliability flight enabling real-time autonomous fault diagnosis, mission replanning, and fault-tolerant control within seconds during anomalies, potentially improving reliability by 1-2 orders of magnitude; Rapid maintenance enabling real-time health monitoring and lifespan prediction for swift re-launch decisions; and Efficient space traffic management enabling predict/resolve orbital conflicts amid growing congestion from satellites and debris. The key challenges for AI applications are analyzed as well, including multi-system coupling, uncertain failure modes and narrow flight corridors, limited sensor data, and massive heterogeneous data processing. Finally, the study also proposes that AI promises substantial efficiency gains in launch vehicle design, manufacturing, and testing through multidisciplinary optimization and reduced reliance on physical testing.
- Journal
- Chinese Journal of Aeronautics
AI could help predict nutrition risks in ICU patients, study finds
The Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of MedicinePeer-Reviewed Publication
A new study by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) could help predict which critically ill patients on ventilators are at risk of underfeeding, potentially enabling clinicians to adjust nutrition early and improve patient care. Details of the study were published in the December 17 online issue of Nature Communications.
- Journal
- Nature Communications
Idaho National Laboratory announces initial selections for first MARVEL experiments
DOE/Idaho National LaboratoryBusiness Announcement
IDAHO FALLS, Idaho — The Idaho National Laboratory today announced initial selections for the Microreactor Application Research Validation and Evaluation (MARVEL) end user experiments. The five competitively selected teams will demonstrate several test cases, including desalination of remote operations and advanced sensors. The experiments will also be among the first to demonstrate the viability of powering data centers with advanced nuclear technologies, a cutting-edge use of nuclear energy that ensures America remains the leader in innovation to dominate the artificial intelligence race. These efforts deliver on the Trump administration’s executive orders to unleash private sector innovation and expedite the deployment of commercial nuclear energy technologies.
The UJI's Hort4Health project promotes sustainable learning and mental health among the university community
Universitat Jaume IFollowing the path towards innovation in education and health, the Department of Education and Specific Didactics of the Universitat Jaume I is developing Hort4Health. Under the direction of Mireia Adelantado Renau, lecturer in the Department of Didactics of Experimental Sciences, this leading project seeks to analyse and investigate in an interdisciplinary way the impact of integrating an eco-educational garden in the classrooms where students learn about health, sustainability and emotional well-being, thus offering a solid scientific basis on the benefits of these practices.
The Hort4Health project emerges in response to the growing need to promote healthy habits among young people, especially in an era where technology and sedentary lifestyles predominate and generate worrying figures. Through practical activities in the garden, students not only study about agriculture and ecology, but also experience the benefits of physical activity and contact with nature for their mental and physical health. Researcher Mireia Adelantado points out that in this way "scientific results will be obtained on the current healthy habits of the university community, completing the scarce previous literature on this subject in this population". This initiative has already involved more than a hundred pupils from the Early Childhood and Primary School Teacher degrees, who have participated in sessions designed to improve their emotional wellbeing, their connection with the environment and their understanding of the importance of an active and healthy life. Early results indicate a significant positive impact on the physical health of the participants and underline the potential of the garden as an innovative space for learning and wellbeing.
- Journal
- Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education
- Funder
- Universitat Jaume I
A Brain Network Disorders study showcases the use of machine learning in improving early diagnosis of neurological disorders
Brain Network Disorders Editorial OfficeAs people age, the brain undergoes multiple changes, increasing the vulnerability to neurological diseases. Early detection of neurological diseases is critical for effective treatment. In a recent study, researchers from China demonstrated that machine learning algorithms integrating imaging, genetic, and clinical data can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and prediction, enabling timely interventions and better patient outcomes. This approach may transform clinical practice by improving precision, speed, and interpretability in assessing complex brain disorders.
- Journal
- Brain Network Disorders
Artificial metabolism turns waste CO2 into useful chemicals
Northwestern UniversityPeer-Reviewed Publication
New system successfully transforms simple carbon molecules into acetyl-CoA. A building block of life, acetyl-CoA can be used to make a variety of materials. To build the system, scientists screened 66 enzymes and 3,000 enzyme variants. Enzyme screening and system use molecular machinery outside of living cells.
- Journal
- Nature Chemical Engineering
- Funder
- U.S. Department of Energy