In chronic viral infection and cancer, CD8⁺ T killer cells often lapse into “exhausted cells” that no longer can stem disease. Researchers show that a transcriptional repressor called Gfi1, or growth factor independent-1, is a key regulator of the subset formation of exhausted CD8⁺ T cells and may offer a key to reducing exhaustion.

Transmission dynamics are complicated by mosquitoes' ability to carry multiple viruses simultaneously. For complex infections that may involve multiple viruses and pathogens, metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology is a more comprehensive approach. It offers in-depth reports for rapid and accurate detection.

A study of migrants in Italy has shown how statistical modelling can help improve the identification of Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) infections.

Research in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases focussed on soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections using a case study of migrants in Italy’s Campania region.

STH is a type of worm infection caused by different species of roundworms with three types caused by A. lumbricoides, hookworms, and T. trichiura.

The data included 3,830 migrants from 64 countries, with over 87% male and with a median age of 27.