Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which give rise to all blood cell types, are essential for regenerative medicine and gene therapy. However, predicting their long-term quality remains a challenge. Now, researchers from Japan have developed a novel system combining live-cell imaging and machine learning to predict HSC quality based on real-time behavior. This approach reveals hidden cellular diversity and enables accurate prediction of cell stemness and quality, advancing basic biology and offering promise for clinical applications.

A recent study by Associate Professor Takehisa Hirayama and Professor Osamu Kano from the Department of Neurology at Toho University School of Medicine has revealed a critical gap in the use of accessibility features among people living with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and their caregivers. Though over 90% of ALS patients surveyed reported daily use of smartphones, tablets, or computers, many are unaware of the accessibility tools embedded in these devices—tools that could greatly enhance their quality of life as the disease progresses.

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have discovered a unique biphasic cellular response triggered by tetrandrine, a naturally occurring alkaloid containing nitrogen. Tetrandrine damages lysosomes, enssential organelles involved in cellular degradation. In turn, this triggers lysophagy, a selective autophagic process that removes impaired lysosomes. At the same time, tetrandrine promotes the formation of new lysosomes, revealing a two-phase cellular reaction.

A group of researchers led by The University of Osaka have identified a novel genetic mutation in Streptococcus pyogenes, a common bacterium which causes strep throat, significantly associated with severe invasive infections. A single mutation in the bacterial ferric ion transporter enhances bacterial growth in human blood. This mutation, unique to Japanese isolates, indicates a novel pathogenic mechanism.  This world-first discovery offers a potential new target for treatments and preventive measures.

Researchers at the University of Tokyo explored how female body odor can influence behaviors in men. They found certain scent compounds in female body odor increased during ovulation and can subtly influence how men feel. When these scents were added to armpit odor samples, men rated them as more pleasant and faces associated with the samples as more attractive. The scents also seemed to reduce stress. The team states this is not evidence of pheromones in humans, but that smell might subtly shape how we people interact.

University Startup Entrepreneurs (USEs) possess the scientific knowledge and institutional support necessary to build and sustain high-tech ventures. But why are they not as successful as Corporate Startup Entrepreneurs (CSEs)? Empirical evidence suggests that differences in motivations, culture, knowledge, and identity could be the answer. USEs seek intellectual stimulation over financial success, struggle with accepting their entrepreneurial identity, and lack knowledge of the market and customers, putting them at a disadvantage compared to CSEs.