Juvenile male Golden-collared Manakins on extra testosterone cleaned up their display area before performing for females, according to research at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Panama published in Animal Behavior. Female manakins got more aggressive when given testosterone.

The concentration of technology- and knowledge-intensive firms is, to the 21st-century view on economics, the main variable in the definition of public policies leading for wealth-generating clusters. According to international specialists who met in a symposium of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), by strength of its diversified economy and research funding structure, the Brazilian State of São Paulo meets the conditions of cross-bordering European clusters of entrepreneurship and innovation

Researchers concluded that medicinal therapy was more than twice as effective as low-intensity brain stimulation, according to a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Smithsonian scientists and collaborators including the Panama Canal Authority confirm that native tree species performed very well in field trials and would be preferable to teak in the poor soils of the Panama Canal watershed.

A Brazilian company extends the use of a solid-state neodymium-doped laser to raise power levels and processing speed.

Stingless bees belong to Hymenoptera order, composed of social insect whose queens are capable of choosing the sex of their offspring. Only females are born from fertilized eggs, while males boast only maternal genetic material. However, queens might mate with males with whom they share a sex determination gene: in such cases, half the colony will be comprised of not-working males, as opposed to worker female bees. Research shows that, in order to save itself from collapse, the colony maims its own queen.

Brazilian researchers suggest that the combination of drugs that block a protein called PAF-R may increase radiotherapy's killing of tumor cells by one third. The experiments that proved the involvement of PAF-R in tumor repopulation were performed with human oral cancer cells and murine cervical cancer cells, in which radiotherapy is usually preferred.