An Osaka Metropolitan University research team developed a new experimental game to explore whether people avoid witnessing selfish behavior to evade punishing others or simply to avoid confronting unfairness. The study found that avoidance is driven by both the desire to not acknowledge inequality and the wish to prevent confrontation, suggesting that altruistic punishment may be less common in real-life situations than previously believed.

Tokyo, Japan – Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a new dye that can strongly absorb second near-IR radiation and transform it to heat. Starting with a dye from the bile pigment family, they designed a unique ring structure which can bind rhodium and iridium. Measurements and modeling revealed strong second near-IR absorptions and exceptional photostability. Second near-IR waves easily penetrate human tissue; the new dye may be applied in deep tissue therapies and imaging.

The novel iron-based catalyst exhibits superior performance for ammonia (NH₃) synthesis compared to a well-established, century-old counterpart, as reported by researchers at Science Tokyo. By designing this new catalyst with an inverse structure, they managed to boost the NH₃ production rate per volume of catalyst beyond levels never reached by conventional catalysts. These findings could lead us to more efficient NH₃ synthesis, which is crucial to the agricultural and chemical industries.  

Summary

A research led by PhD candidate Mital Chakma and associate professor Kojiro Matsuo from the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Toyohashi University of Technology has highlighted the contribution of “Traffic park (TP)” to children traffic safety education. Using Toyohashi TP as a case study, the research evaluates how frequent TP usage improves children's traffic rule awareness and behavioral intentions, ultimately fostering safer mobility habits.